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Implementing the Religious Discrimination Policy in Myanmar

At independence and after the assassination of the Union leader, Aung San, U Nu the successor of the AFPFL government tried to assert Buddhism as 'state religion', but failed at that time. It was fully against the will of non-Burman ethnic nationalities, but it was the will of the majority ethnic Burman. The 1962 coup and following the 1974 Constitution, Ne Win started the implementation of cleansing non-Burman ethnic groups in the Union, to fully eliminate foreign influence in Burma soil. The policy of Burmanization was imposed throughout the Union in which the mainstream Burman cultures were introduced in the schools, televisions and newspapers. Private enterprises and foreign companies were all nationalized in the 1963 onwards, foreigners were sent home and many Christian missionaries from the West who were working in ethnic areas were also withdrawn[Mar94].
             General Ne Win had organized the unification of Buddhism which had split as different sects and different traditions. While Buddhism is being promoted using big amount of the country's income, Christianity, Islam and other religions have been threatened in different ways. The teaching in the Buddhist monasteries were all nationalized and emphasis were made, so that students will become extreme Burman Buddhist nationalists. The unwritten policy which is called 'Burmanization' had been implemented by the military junta throughout the Union. This tradition had long been implemented since General Ne Win's era and successive governments followed the same route[Dun99]. .
             The period of 1962-1988 saw the resurgence of Buddhism in the society under the leadership of military dictators who aggressively exploited the belief of the majority and destructed the so called 'foreign' or 'alienated' or 'colonial' religions. Following the coup in the 1962, the military leaders change the name of their institution as 'State Law and Order Restoration Council' (SLORC), which is also called 'Revolutionary Council'.


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  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

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