The army's image in front of the Egyptian people was completely shattered; there were many errors in the management of the country, because the military is simply not trained to run the internal affairs of a country, as well as many violations of human rights, for instance, the crackdown on the NGO's and the arrest of its employees, except for the foreigners who were sent safely back to their country
In addition to the Maspero incident that resulted in the deaths of many civilians, and other incidents like Mohamed Mahmoud and Port Said incidents that all agitated the people against the army. The unpopularity of the army at that time was also triggered by their refusal to surrender power to a civilian government for almost two years. .
When the time of the first presidential elections in Egypt after the revolution finally came in may 2012, the Muslim Brotherhood candidate Mohamed Morsi emerged victorious, in an election that could be described as, among other things, democratic. After that, General Hussein Tantawi, the head of the supreme council of armed forces, and Samy Anan, the chief of staff, were waiting for a chance to obtain a safe exit from the political scene, which was ceremoniously offered to them by Morsi early on in his rule, leading to General Abdel Fattah El Sisi's appointment as the new defense minister and head of the supreme council of armed forces. .
During the Muslim Brotherhood's rule, the majority realized that they are in no way democratic or fit to rule. During the early days of his presidency, Morsi issued a totalitarian constitutional declaration giving him unparalleled powers, such as the power to personally appoint the secretary general. According to Freedom House Organization, " The November 22nd declaration violates the most basic principles of the rule of law and accountable democracy". This was followed by a number of other totalitarian measures, for instance, Hisham Kandil's government drafted a protest law to limit the demonstrations and pacify the people's growing discontent, which clearly goes against the very idea of revolution and against any logic that a post-revolution regime should undertake.
Authoritarianism and its manifestations in Africa: It manifested in Ghana, Guinea and Congo. ... Congo lost control of its army, richest providence, bureaucracy and eventually its leader. Authoritarianism was a form of government with no democracy. ... Military regimes: goes hand in hand with authoritarianism. A military regime is when the military runs the state. ...
Why did the collapse of the communist regime in the Soviet Union have such a negative impact? ... The anti-Soviet revolution in 1991 shattered the authoritarian grasp of the Soviet Union's communist party. ... Gorbachev's reforms included glasnost (openness), democratization, and perestroika (economic restructuring). ... The armed forces were divided and disgraced; as a result, army officers were replaced because they were "politically suspect" (Mandelbaum 358). ... Democratization ended authority and the functioning of the Soviet economic system (Colton, Legvold 51). ...
Put differently, Chandran Kukathas claims, "we live in an age of democracy fetishism" and "global political phenomenon of 'democratization." That is, Democracy was hailed as the best form of government hence, an increasing process of democratization in many parts of the world especially in Africa; Army Generals traded their military fatigues for suits to contest elections as politicians in an unprecedented era of democracy. ... It is no surprise then, that the post- cold war era saw many states democratizing since like a towering lighthouse guiding emerging States; ...
At the end of The Great War, Germany had many restrictions towards armament, army. ... On the other hand, the Soviet Union wanted to gain time, to temporarily prevent a German invasion, as the Red Army had too few senior officers, many of them being executed at the orders of Stalin. ...
Isaiah Berlin, a political philosopher, said that the enemies of liberty were some philosophers (among them Rousseau) because they defended an authoritarian conception of freedom. ... The definition of absolute monarchy, is a kind of regime, where the monarch has all the power and where people cannot disobey. ... - Egypt: Egypt is a big country, counting a solid army, taking place in a crucial geostrategic area. Although the conflicts were bloody and I think it was necessary to go through those riots, it ended with presidential elections bringing more transparency and democratizat...
The ruling regime loses the revolution more often than the insurgents "win- it. ... Given that their lives were so bad before, many Chinese were more than willing to accept the stability offered to them by the Communists, even if it offered little or no more democratization than that under the KMT. ... At first, only the CCP and its Red Army were willing to fight the invaders. Along the same lines, Lowell Dittmer's "The Legacy of Mao Zedong- (1980) suggests that militarily, the Red Army grew stronger, while the Nationalist Army was always dogged by incompetence and ineffectiveness....
Rather, the student leaders had "limited and very moderate aims {they} sought not to overthrow the government or even to form an opposition party, but only to win some measure of autonomy for themselves-and perhaps to encourage a long-term process of democratization within the ruling Communist Party in accordance with the Party's own proclaimed Marxian principles: (Meisner 403). ...
