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Sub feilds of anthropology


             the subareas of anthropology introduced by Haviland cover a broad range of topics and methods of inquiry. What concerns, issues, concepts or methods draw them together as part of a single discipline? .
             Anthropology is the comprehensive study of humanity in all its manifestations and in all times and places. It is holistic and it examines aspects of human action through the perspectives of the sciences and the humanities. Its traditional four sub fields (archaeology, linguistics, cultural, and physical anthropology) study human beings and human societies from a disciplinary perspective and from both evolutionary and humanistic points of view. .
             Physical Anthropology.
             Physical anthropology, also called biological anthropology, is the sub field of anthropology that focuses on the biological aspect of humans, especially how it relates to cultural practices, evolution, and the environment. The sub field itself is divided into three major branches, which often overlap: paleoanthropology (the study of fossil humans and near relatives); primatology (the study of primates -- humans, apes, monkeys, and prosimians); and the study of modern human variation and adaptation. Physical anthropology also focus on is the study of present-day human variation. In other words we as humans are members of the same species, we also differ from each other not only in visual traits but biochemical traits too (Haviland 2003:10) .
             Archaeology .
             An archaeologist "seeks to explain human behavior by studying materials objects from the past cultures" (Haviland 2003:5) Anthropological archaeologists are usually, but not exclusively, concerned with the prehistoric cultures of our early ancestors, people who existed before the emergence of agriculture, the domestication of animals, and the use of metals. Sources in Haviland states that, "Those physical anthropologist engaged in the recovery and study of the fossil evidence for human evolution, as opposed to those who study present-day people, are generally known as paleoanthropologist"(2003:34).


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