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Themes and Characterization


" Gwendolyn and Cecily say, "Your Christian names are still an insuperable barrier. That is all" (463). Both women do not want a man named by anything other than "Earnest", they want to marry someone named "Ernest," as the name inspires "absolute confidence"; in other words, the name implies that its bearer truly is earnest, honest, and responsible. However, Jack and Algernon have lied about their names, so they are not truly "earnest." But it also turns out that they were both inadvertently telling the truth (or most of it, at least). The rapid flip-flopping of truths and lies, of earnestness and duplicity, shows how truly muddled the Victorian values of honesty and responsibility were; its characters don and take off their masks of manners whenever it is convenient.
             Ibsen reveals the expected mask of mannerisms of women during the early 19th century. Women of this time were supposed to act as a puppet to her husband. As a woman you were expected to only educate yourself with the specialty of materialism and housekeeping. Anything aside from this would be considered inappropriate. Nora acted as the perfect wife until it's revealed that she forged her father name upon loan documents meant to pay for Torvald's treatments. Nora says, "It was necessary he should have no idea what a dangerous condition he was in. It was to me that the doctors came and said that his life was in danger and that the only thing to save him was to live in the south" (11). When Nora is faced with deciding Torvald's fate she has two options: either she act the role of a wife and not forge her father's signature to accept the loan from Krogstead or she forge the documents and save Torvald's life. If she were truly were a women of her time she would have forged her papa's signature, she would have let Torvald die and assume her role as a widow. But, Nora's mask of mannerisms is revealed with her choice to save Torvald.


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