Polymers

... conductivity by a factor of 1011. The high conductivity found by Heeger, MacDiarmid and Shirakawa clearly opened up the field of "plastic electronics-. Other polymers studied extensively since the early 1980s include polypyrrole, polythiophene (and various polythiophene derivatives), polyphenylenevinylene and polyaniline. Polyacetylene remains the most crystalline conductive polymer ... same order as that of copper's. This polyacetylene may have a higher conductivity because of its greater order and fewer defects than previous preparations. Other polymers with interesting properties hav...

• Word Count: 6720
• Approx Pages: 27
• Grade Level: High School

... reacted together to form a polymer. In order to make the monomers react and join together, small amounts of catalysts are added to the polymerization reactor. Eight of the most important polymers are produced from only three basic chemicals which come from naphtha (Harper). Ethylene C2H4 polymerization to form high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE) or linear low density ... from one monomer. In addition reactions, chains are formed from one small molecule and the monomer always contains a carbon-carbon double bond. Most thermoplastics plastics made from naphtha ...

• Word Count: 1542
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... other elements. Chemists can create macromolecules in labs. Most of the synthetic, or made in labs, macromolecules are polymers, which are large molecule built ups from smaller building block molecules, called monomers. On the other hand, living organisms build polymers and others complex macromolecules through natural process. Monomers of all classes of macromolecules form larger molecules by dehydration synthesis, ... polymer's properties depend on its size, it monomers, the strength of its bonds, and whether links form between different parts of the molecule. Synthetic polymers includ...

• Word Count: 728
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... same function you would find it quite useless. To understand how plastics are made, it is helpful to know something about the chemistry of polymers. The polymers in plastics are made up of small molecules called monomers. Most of these molecules are composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms. ... Some include chlorine, fluorine, silicon, or sulfur atoms. A polymer chain consists of hundreds, thousands, or even millions of monomer links. In some polymers, these links are made up of the same kind of monomer, repeated over and over again. Others are composed of two or more ki...

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• Approx Pages: 3

... to the article I have chosen does accurately summarize the main findings of the article. In the abstract written by Naoto Saito and Kunio Takaoka for the article "New Synthetic Biodegradable Polymers as BMP Carriers for Bone Tissue Engineering" published in Biomaterials, an overview of the article's topic and a brief but accurate summary of the findings was given with enough technical jargon ... discuss the methods for using BMP in bone tissue engineering but didn't refer to the three methods in the abstract. In light of the article's main topic being on biodegradable polymers that coul...

• Word Count: 1578
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and apply the results to an unknown solution and food of a potato, onion and bacon fat. Carbohydrates include sugars and polymers of sugars. Carbs can be disaccharides when double sugars consisting of two monosaccharaides are joined with a covalent bond. Polysaccharides are polymers with a few hundred monosaccharaides joined by glycosidic links. A potato is a storage polysaccharide. Plants store starch allowing them to have an ... blue-blackish color. If amylose is not present, then the color change is not visible (Ophardt, 2003). Lipids are the one class of biological molecules that do...

• Word Count: 1318
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... easily bent without breaking, allowing it to be drawn into wire. The free movement of electrons also explains why metals tend to be conductors of electricity and heat. Plastics or polymers of the organic type consist of long chains of molecules which are either tangled or ordered at room temperature. Because the forces (known as van der Waals) between the molecules ... are very weak, polymers are very elastic (like a rubber band), can be easily melted, and have low strength. Like ceramics, polymers have good chemical resistance, electrical and thermal insulation properties. They are also...

• Word Count: 3326
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... industry has to solve. Turning away from petrochemicals which displaced the first plastics made of agricultural products because of improved material properties at much lower costs to biodegradable polymers. For example, Cargill Dow Polymers makes truly biodegradable plastics by using maize or beet as raw materials instead of petrochemicals, so that they can be broken down in a compost heap. Based on polyactide ... (PLA) polymers these plastics can be produced cost efficiently and used to make hardly anything from clothing fibres to clear films and food containers biodegrading into noth...

• Word Count: 3609
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the environment and be compatible with consumer trends.To date packaging materials have been to a large extent based on non biodegradable materials,they consist a variety of petroleum-derived plastic polymers ,metal and glass.The only widely used biodegradable packaging material are paper and board (which are based to cellulose,the most abundant and renewable polymer world wide).These materials and ... shape and design is not original. c)Glass (for refreshments and edible oils)has a long self life it is also refillable which reduces costs.It was commonly used before plastic polymers com...

• Word Count: 1549
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate