1. Distinguish between a personal problem and a social problem.
New perspectives are very important, like the book said simply acknowledging that they exist without judging and rejecting is extremely important. Listening to all ends of the conversation holding back judgment and comments will make people think higher of you and it will also provide you with being able to hear all sides of the issue. If you are trying to solve a problem by thinking critical, it can be done very efficiently by allowing the existence of different perspectives that differ from your own. .
Evaluation of the different perspectives should be done carefully by asking many mental questions. This should all be done before you start speaking or criticizing a fellow thinkers point of view. You need to look for a perspective that makes the most sense, has the most evidence backing it and one that you can initially agree with based on the listed components. Learn from what you have heard and gain perspective, see if there is anything that I can take under my belt to help better my position. .
One if the key ideas that stem from this is respect, respecting other people views and beliefs is key. If you do not respect other people then there is no way you can work with them to better society. .
Now comes the time for you to choose to accept or not to accept another person's point of view. If choose to accept a view other than your own, do so only if you have enough evidence like stated above. If you normally do not accept other people views, consider if a victory for yourself. This shows that you have learned something, expressed self-control and exhibited critical thinking. If you choose not to accept another persons point of view and adopt your own that is fine also, only if you have evaluated the other views and given them priority and decided your still makes better sense. .