1. Candide by Voltaire
... of the world are justified because they are optimal of all possible worlds. This theory basically states no evil exists in the world, which to Voltaire was not true. Pangloss, Candides tutor and mentor in the novel was created to serve as an example of how ridiculously flawed this reasoning is. In the beginning of Candide, Pangloss states, it is demonstrable ... clay (46). To the citizens there, it is just pebbles and dirt, for which European nations would murder them to the last man for (44). El Dorado is shown as a utopia, where gems are valueless and everyone is content. It is Voltai...
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