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Education Psychology (basics)


            "Describe in detail any two or three aspects of human cognition and how they should influence instruction".
             The human cognition is made up of a series of cognitive structures. The way these structures are organised, how they relate and interact with eachother constitutes the cognitive architecture. Long term memory is the structure in human cognition where information can be transferred and stored permanently and encoding is the processes of moving this information between the memory systems from sensory and working memory into long- term memory.
             Long-term memory is the accumulation of the decisions that we have made about the nature of the world, including our own place in it. It is the totality of our knowledge of the world and the permanent repository for information gained throughout our lifetime. It is complex and appears to have a virtually unlimited storage capacity and an essentially indefinite duration. Information stored in long-term memory must therefore be well organized for efficient retrieval and the learner must be able to use efficient strategies for retrieving desired information from memory. If information is poorly organised in long-term memory or if schema structures are 'messy' as they are encoded into long term memory the ability to recall this information at a later stage is likely to be lost. As an educator it is therefore important to have a well structured learning plan for our students based upon their level of all ready acquired knowledge. .
             The information stored in long-term memory can essentially be divided into two different categories, information that is factual or "knowing what" is referred to as Declarative Knowledge and information that is directional, ("knowing how") is Procedural Knowledge. Declarative Knowledge is the knowledge of facts and things. It is this type of knowledge we use to memorize theories, facts, equations, rules and formulas.


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