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leo


Hindus believe in one all-pervasive Supreme Being. This Supreme Being came to be revered as the Supreme Triad of Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva. It is manifested in three forms to carry out the three main tasks of creation, preservation and destruction respectively. .
             One of the most influential theories applied to religion is built upon Emile Durkheim's analysis of the sacred in The Elementary Forms of Religious Life (1965). Durkheim identified four social function of ceremonies and rituals. According to a class handout they are the following : .
             1) It serves a revitalizing function-makes members aware of their .
             common heritage. A linkage to the past [is provided]. .
             2) Serves a disciplinary and preparatory function-imposes a self- .
             discipline for social life. [It] constraints, controls [and creates] .
             boundaries. .
             3) Provides cohesiveness-brings people together, reaffirms their .
             common bond and reinforces social solidarity. .
             4) Serves an euphoric function-it aids in establishing a pleasant feeling .
             of social well-being. .
             Another aspect of Durkheim's theory beckons the attention of this paper. Durkheim affirmed that religion developed in society when a distinction was made concerning the sacred-the ultimate concern that is transcendental and extraordinary-and the profane-that which is ordinary. The sacred and profane lie on a continuum, yet Durkheim was ambiguous on a purely empirical level to recognize the correlation as such. He noted that societies constantly transform profane elements into sacred things with acts such as the deifying of heroes. He goes on contrasting the sacred and profane. In a footnote he pointed out the escatology of sacredness and projected sacredness as a relative term, "So the more sacred repels the less sacred; but this is because the second is profane in relation to the first." Hindus recognize the four goals of man as Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moshka. Dharma generally mean righteousness and mortality.


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