S. .
economy unstable. For an economy to function properly, total demand must .
equal total supply. In an economy with such unequal distribution of income it .
is not ensured that demand will always equal supply. Essentially what .
happened in the 1920's was that there was an oversupply of goods. It was .
not that the surplus products of industrialised society were not wanted, but .
rather that those of the lower class could not afford more, whereas the .
wealthy spent only a small portion of their income.
"On Monday October 21, 1929 prices on the Stock Exchange started .
to fall quickly. Investors became fearful. Knowing that prices were falling, .
but not by how much, they started selling quickly, which then caused the .
collapse to happen even faster. Prices stabilised a little on Tuesday and .
Wednesday, but then on Black Thursday, October 24, everything fell apart .
again. By this time most major investors had lost confidence in the market. .
Once enough investors had acknowledged the boom was over, it was over. .
Partial recovery was achieved on Friday and Saturday when a group of .
leading bankers stepped in, in an attempt to stop the crash. But then on .
Monday the 28th prices started dropping again. By the end of the day the .
market had fallen by 13%. On the next day, Black Tuesday, an .
unprecedented 16.4 million shares changed hands. Stocks fell so much that .
at many times during the day no buyers were available at any price." (2).
This speculation and the resulting stock market crashes acted as a .
trigger to the already unstable U.S. economy. Due to the misdistribution of .
wealth, the economy of the 1920's was one very much dependant upon .
confidence. The market crashes undermined this confidence. The rich .
stopped spending on luxury items, and slowed investments. The middle-class .
and poor stopped buying things with instalment credit for fear of losing .
their jobs, and not being able to pay the interest. As a result industrial .