1. Retribution (koch vs Bruck)
Koch created four guidelines to determine the causal agents of disease in humans, animals, and plants. Koch proved that a disease-causing agent could be transferred from one organism to another and create the same illness. Isolation of pure cultures and the introduction of the disease-causing agent to a healthy organism will transmit the disease and infect the inoculated organism. Koch's four guidelines by which one must follow to transmit a disease from an infected organism to a healthy one are as followed:.
1. The specific organism should be shown to be present in all cases of animals suffering from a specific disease but should not be found in healthy animals. .
2. The specific microorganism should be isolated from the diseased animal and grown in pure culture on artificial laboratory media. .
3. This freshly isolated microorganism, when inoculated into a healthy laboratory animal, should cause the same disease seen in the original animal. .
4. The microorganism should be reisolated in pure culture from the experimental infection.
In this exercise, Penicillium was utilized, a common, safe, mold. Certain species of Penicillium will spoil fruits, vegetables, grains, and grasses. Other species will ripen various chesses. Still, other species are used in the production of antibiotics. The species of Penicillium, italicum is provided for the lab because of its pronounced hyphae. Penicillium italicum, along with Penicillium digitatum attack citrus fruits post-harvest. In this experiment, the effect of Penicillium italicum on two types of citrus fruits and one non-citrus fruits were tested.
Materials & Methods.
1. Pick several appropriate fruits.
2. Gently was fruit in cool, soapy water, using a scrub brush on the citrus fruits, then rinse thoroughly with cool running tap water.
3. Place citrus in a beaker and cover with a 10% bleach solution. Let soak for 10 minutes. .
4. Rinse thoroughly with cool running tap water for 10 minutes.
Ed Koch and Russel Feingold both present valid arguments both for and against capital punishment. Though both writers have broken down their arguments thoroughly I remain sided with Koch. I feel capital punishment is absolutely necessary and Koch's argument affirmed my theory. ... Ed Koch's argument is much more sensible, logical, and provides comfort to victims. ... I agree with Koch completely that capital punishment does exactly the opposite. ...
Koch is challenging the reader to make a choice. ... Koch has a very strong pro- opinion on the death penalty. I believe that Koch devotes most of his essay to refuting opposition arguments because of deep moral and ethical opinions. Every argument leads back to an inept case made against the death penalty according to Koch. ... Koch's essay in the argument pattern he chose to write in really drove his point home to the reader. ...
Koch is the author of an essay titled "Death and Justice." ... Not only are Koch's arguments weak, but they are also unintelligent. ... Koch also argues that the death penalty is not barbaric. ... Koch goes on to say, "So it's not the method that really troubles opponents. ... Edward Koch has finally seen the light! ...
Two individuals that stand on opposite sides of the debate are Edward Koch and David Bruck. ... Killing is wrong" (Koch 33). ... I hope you have the courage and moral strength to stop the killing" (Koch 33). ... As a district leader, councilman, congressman, and mayor" (Koch 33). ... Koch's argument about the death penalty is effective because of his use of logic. ...
Koch he argues in favor of the death penalty. ... Capital punishment cheapens the value of human life, Koch declares in his next argument. ... Koch argues, justice requires that the law be applied equally to all. Koch also brings the bible into this essay. ... I agree with Edward Koch and all of his arguments in this essay. ...
By Koch being the mayor of New York City when this was written, he already has an established base of ethos. ... Yet, contrary to usual political gibberish that pleases everyone, Koch takes a side... Koch proceeds to emphasize the fact that no other countries have a murder rate close to the United States. ... Once again, Koch appeals to emotions of the readers by using a real-life example. ... Throughout the essay, Koch maintains a very serious and almost dark tone. ...
Koch, is trying to persuade its audience that death penalty is justice. ... This is an example of extrinsic ethos, which gives more power to the authority of Koch. ... First of all, Koch mentions that some people think that the death penalty is "barbaric." ... But Koch also says that that this analogy is imperfect because murder is not the disease. ... In this argument Koch wants to persuade his audience in terms of logic. ...
Edward Koch is someone that would agree that the death penalty brings justice. ... One of the things that Edward koch said in his essay that I found to be true is when he said in his essay that " Human life deserves speacial protection, and one of the best ways to guarantee that protection is to assure that convicted murderers do not kill again. ... Koch, 240). ... Koch, 241). ... Koch, 241). ...