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A Marxist Deconstruction Of Capitalism Through The Great Gatsby


This is a Capitalist ideal; because the characters have this value and they are corrupt, Fitzgerald is criticizing Capitalism as a system through its values. .
             In being humanitarians, Socialists are opposed to any human being treated as a material thing. Because Capitalism is "founded on commodity exchange and production, it forces the worker himself a thing to be bought and used" (Posnock 210). Often in Gatsby, human beings are treated as objects to be obtained.
             Money and wealth are subjects that saturate the entirety of The Great Gatsby. Instead of having use value - the value that is ingrained in an object - Capitalists place a market value on everything - the value that that item can be exchanged for. The strong use of market value in the novel shows just how corrupt Fitzgerald thinks American society is; nothing has its own value. Marx says that with "the money to buy everything comes the power to change reality into mere representation" (Tyson 54). Because of this, nothing is valued purely in and of itself. Gatsby's collection of books is a good example of this. They cost a lot of money and promise to unfold "shining secrets" of wealth, yet he never opens them (50; Ch. 3). Another of these objects is the necklace that Tom gives Daisy to obtain her.
             The upper class is depicted as being tremendously artificial and tainted. The reason that Gatsby works so hard to become a member of the upper class is to impress a girl whom he places a market value on - and he becomes a member of that class through illegalities. When Gatsby buys his house to impress Daisy, he is not simply purchasing property; he "thinks he is buying a dream" (Tyson 75-76). .
             Marxist theory claims that in Capitalism, "the most desired people are perceived as desirable objects" (Posnock 201). The character most often treated as an object in Gatsby is Daisy. Almost every man that Daisy comes into contact with assumes that she can be obtained.


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