This was an amazing record for such an early stage of regulation; the Post Office proved that regulating their crews resulted in great success of preserving precious airplanes, resources, and pilots. This proved the merits of regulating aviation.
By the end of 1925, the United States was one of the few nations in the world that lacked policies on civil aviation (Downs 1999). General Billy Mitchell, a World War I flying hero became a pioneer in the lobbying for regulating the airways. He was a serious advocate in the creation of a separate, independent Air Force, as well as the formation of a Department of Air. He was motivated by the horrific crash of the Navy airship Shenandoah due to violent weather; Mitchell was further moved when a navy seaplane turned up missing on its way to Hawaii only to show up many days later floating with no surviving crew members (Downs 1999). After these events, General Mitchell constantly criticized President Calvin Coolidge (who had never been a fan of promoting or regulating aviation) for his reluctance. General Mitchell went as far as to claiming criminal neglect of the Coolidge administration for the loss of those two military aircraft. President Coolidge, in return, personally saw to it that General Mitchell was to be court-martialed for his remarks being intemperate and insubordinate. This is ironic because Herbert Hoover, one of Coolidge's cabinet members, stated " this is the only industry that favor it be regulated- (Adamski et al). General Mitchell was removed from his position, but his influence on friends in congress was still very strong.
After the Mitchell Affair, there was a lot of talk about the neglect of aviation legislation. A House Committee was formed, known as the Lambert Committee; named after its chairman Florian Lampert (Adamski et al). This committee began studying the lack of structure in the aviation industry and devising a purpose, as well as ways, for regulation.