Aboriginal History in Australia
The Europeans began to settle Australia on the 26th of January as a convict colony in 1788. At this time, Aboriginals had already inhabited the land for 50,000 or more years. In 1788, there were an estimated 300,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders living in Australia (www.schoolnet.ca/aboriginal/issues/health-e.html). Between 1788 and 1950, this number dropped to 50,000, now the population of indigenous persons living in Australia is approximately 1.5%, or approximately 427,000 (Van Kreiken, Smith, Habibis, McDonald, Harlambos & Holborn, 2000:532). When Cook landed in Botany Bay, he declared the land to be terra nullius, which was thought by many to mean blank space, or uninhabited, but in fact, it means unworked or unused agriculturally. When Europeans settled Australia, they saw the Indigenous residents to be savages, who wandered about aimlessly, through an arid wasteland, in a state of nature, (Morgan, 2001) and were considered to be animal-like, or not fully human (Van Kreiken et. al, 2000:536). Opinions have changed since those times, where Europeans treated the Aborigines violently, and an estimated 20000 Aboriginals were murdered and diseases introduced by the settlers killed numerous others.
We have made many moves towards reconciliation, including the peoples walk over Sydney Harbour Bridge, in May 2000 to advocate reconciliation, and also other festivals and marches. However, today, socio-economic statistics suggest that indigenous Australians have poorer health, poorer levels of education, higher unemployment rates, and higher rates of poverty than non-Aboriginal Australians. 38% of Aboriginals live in need of housing, as opposed to non non-indigenous Australians, of whom, 17% are in need of housing. Indigenous families are 20 times more likely to be homeless than non–indigenous families. Death from diabetes is twelve times more common in Aboriginals than in non-indigenous Australians, and almost three quarters of the children living in the Kimberley region aged 5 or under are anaemic, and the mortality rate in women suffering from diseases such as cervical cancer is more than 8 times that of non-indigenous women. Over 60% of indigenous students do not complete school. Seven years ago the median weekly income for Aboriginals was $76 less than for non-indigenous Australians, and unemployment rates were higher for Aboriginal Australians than for non-indigenous Australians with a comparison of 10.5% to 38% government policies set up to improve the standard of life of Aboriginals have shown little results (Behrendt, 2000). iginals began to move to more urban areas of Australia, where they were alienated by other Aboriginals, who believed that they were abandoning their cultural ties, that had been in place since before the arrival of the settlers and turning their backs on their
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Approximate Word count = 1082
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)
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