Madame C.J. Walker & Dr. Harold Amos

While in St. Louis in 1905, she got the idea to help cosmetics for black women. Her treatment was designed to treat and heal scalp disease not to straiten hair like many people thought. To straighten hair, she used hot combs which she did not invent like many people have thought or heard. She gave the treatment to some of her friends and it worked for them so she moved to Denver and was going to start a business, but she realized she had no money. She

began work as a cook to finance for her business. Then she met a newspaperman by the name of Charles Joseph (C. J.) Walker. He had an uncanny ability to sell things, which is just what she needed. She married him on January 4, 1906 and they started The Madame C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company. The marriage ended but she kept the name and him as a sales agent. She transferred her headquarters from Denver to Pittsburgh to Indianapolis, where a plant was constructed and was used as a manufacturing plant, living quarters, and beauty school.

Amos’ mentor at Harvard was J. Howard Mueller, department chair of Bacteriology and Immunology. With his help, Amos conducted research on the effects of phosphatase and protease enzymes in the treatment of purified herpes virus particles. Using embryonated chicken eggs, he tried to find a treatment that would reduce the infectivity of the virus. This research was the basis for his dissertation, called “Study of the Factors Contributing to the Loss of Infectivity of Herpes Simplex Virus.”

From 1951-52, Amos conducted his research as a Fulbright scholar at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. There he researched the metabolic mutants of E. coli, specifically the metabolism of amino acids. From 1952-54, Amos became a Harvard Medical School research fellow. In 1957, he accepted the position of Associate Professor of Bacteriology at Harvard. He was promoted to full Professor in 1969, and later became the chairman of the Department of Biology and Molecular Genetics. In 1975, Dr. Amos was pronounced a Maude & Lillian Preseley Professor of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Emeritus.

Harold Amos is an African-

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