First, a group must realistically look at the situation and analyze the problem. According to Hirokawa, after a group acknowledges a need to be addressed, they still must figure out the nature, extent, and probable causes of the problem that confronts the group (Griffin, 2000). Second, a group must set goals and objectives in order to establish criteria by which to judge proposed solutions. Without establishing goals, Hiro

Hirokawa and Gouran’s theory is based on an objective approach.

Functional Perspective on Group Decision Making explains how small groups can effectively make a decision without chaos. By fulfilling Hirokawa and Gouran’s four task requirements, group members are able to interact in a positive manner to achieve the best solution possible. In the book, Griffin uses the example of a committee and their hiring process as a means of explaining how this theory works. While utilizing these four task requirements, the committee was able to select the best possible candidate for the position.

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