1. Constantine: Reign witnessed the recognition of the political and economical balance that had shifted from the West to the East. Official toleration of the Christian Religion.

2. Mare Nostrum (Mediterranean): Romans called it “our sea”. Main system of commerce. Roads second in trade but more important in the movement of troops.

4. Romatization: Romans conquered and imposed Latin language and culture.

5. Bilingualism; Cosmopolitanism: 1st Century A.D. general cosmopolitism among elite society. Bilingual and had much in common. 3rd Century A.D. finds the cosmopolitan fading out, Unifying forces fading, and the shared reverence which kept the Empire together was fading.

6. Italy: By 300 A.D. Italy had suffered depopulation and general impoverishment. Rome maintained the prestige of its history but its power had faded out.

7. Rhaetia; Illyricum (North West Balkans): Latin speaking areas. Extension of Rhaetia is Noricum. Flat Plain extension of Illyricum is Pannonia. Late 3rd Century area of Illyricum supplied best troops, effective generals, and a few Emperors. The main problem was that the power was spent in constan

36. Collegiales, Collegium: Guild of craftsmen which represent individual professions had become hereditary.

4. Licinius: Co-emperor to Constantine. By 323 Licinius and son was killed by Constantine.

29. Debasement of Coinage: A form of hidden tax where government takes coinage and takes away some silver. Led to decreasing confidence in coinage. People would rather barter in terms of cattle and wood. Diocletian and Constantine attempted to reverse debasement of coinage. Shrinking economy could not provide enough precious metals for coinage. Metals leaving the empire because it was given to Persians and other foreigners in exchange for furs and spices.

Some topics in this essay:
Byzantium Wonderful, Coloni Semi, Century AD, Diocletian Constantine, Pagan Gods, Debasement Coinage, Century Illyricum, Proskynesis Court, Zeus/Jupiter Looking, Chrysargyrion Merchant, fourth century, fourth century 1, secret service, fourth level, urban prefect, west east, capital city, sol invictus, 300 ad, empire fourth century, 3rd century, century ad,