... used it to find the volume of a sphere. In the 12th century, the Indian mathematician Bhaskara II developed an early derivative representing infinitesimal change, and he described an early form of "Rolle's theorem". Around AD 1000, the Islamic mathematician Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) was the first to derive the formula for the sum of the fourth powers, and using mathematical induction, he developed a method that is readily generalizable to finding the formula for the sum of any integral powers ... of the fluid that the body displaces. He also studied the stability of various floating bodi...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate