... animals prevented animal models from serving as an effective means by which to seek a cure for cancer. The weight adjusted daily gross of saccharin given to rats in animal tests of saccharin's carcinogenicity was equivalent to a human consuming about 1,000 cans of saccharin containing soda. Regardless of a compounds actual carcinogenicity at a typical human exposure levels, such ... into and easily accessible and comprehensive database would eliminate such drawbacks. The most promising alternatives to animal testing are in vitro biomedical research and tissue cultures. In vitro tests, w...

• Word Count: 3082
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... put in place. It's human curiosity; how much can be changed, how many things can be perfected? The themes in this short story-- religion, gender, and science--were relevant in Hawthorne's day, and still are many years later. The theme of religion is hidden in the desire to erase the ... but it is not without consequence. Many cosmetic surgeries require painful recovery time or follow-ups, and even some may be dangerous to one's health. Hawthorne's gender bias reflects his times, naturally, but they are slightly exaggerated in this story. Georgiana is a rational woman, but Aylmer won't lis...

• Word Count: 853
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... put in place. It's human curiosity; how much can be changed, how many things can be perfected? The themes in this short story-- religion, gender, and science--were relevant in Hawthorne's day, and still are many years later. The theme of religion is hidden in the desire to erase the ... but it is not without consequence. Many cosmetic surgeries require painful recovery time or follow-ups, and even some may be dangerous to one's health. Hawthorne's gender bias reflects his times, naturally, but they are slightly exaggerated in this story. Georgiana is a rational woman, but Aylmer won't lis...

• Word Count: 854
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... raises some very interesting arguments. The studies that have found the metal cadium to be a gender bender are surprising as cadium is the first metal that has been found to mimic the female hormone oestrogen. Cadium can be found in nickel-cadium batteries; cigarettes and traces ... developed denser mammary glands. The final peace of evidence is that when the rats were given an oestrogen blocker the effects of the cadium disappeared. In my opinion the cadium tests should also be conducted on male rats to see if they are affected the same way as male humans are when given oestrogen. Thi...

• Word Count: 332
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: High School

... not do work outside of the home, while the men have been imposed with the role of the breadwinner or the creator. Society is caught up in the allusion that gender advocates how a person should be, not how a person is. Women were intended to find their place in a kitchen because she was a woman and that was her job. Continuing in today ... to say that did not mean women did not possess the same intellect as men. Women have always been intelligent and now women are beginning to outscore men on intelligence tests, proving Upson's position that being a genius thrives beyond biology. However...

• Word Count: 1159
• Approx Pages: 5

... declare to recognize to be true. Descartes and Gottfried Leibniz were proponents of Rationalism. This philosophy states that humans can learn or think problems out by reason. They use such tests such as the law of the excluded middle and the law of contradiction to prove their theories. Empiricist such as John Locke and David Hume state that humans learn only ... theorized we never know true reality, only things as they appear to us. Most modern philosopher believes everything is subjective and things appear differently to us based on ethnicity, race, gender or socio-economic status. Pl...

• Word Count: 1671
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... is unfair, unnecessary, and cruel- or is it? To begin with, animal experiment are usually performed to test how safe products such as household cleaners, drugs, and cosmetics are. The tests are on different parts of the body to discover what the product may affect. The product is either inhaled, ingested, or tested through eye/skin contact. Three different species are ... used on each experiment, and the results vary depending on the gender, age, and the other factors of the animal. The effects of the drugs sometimes are not the same from specie to specie- including humans. Next, all an...

• Word Count: 598
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School