... , and his everlasting love to Laura. Laura died in 1348 falling victim to the black plague. He wrote a series of poems titled "Poems after Laura's death." Petrarch did not approve of Pope Innocent VI and moved to Milan for eight years. After the black death infected Milan, he sought refuge in Venice. In Venice he was given a house, and in return he donated all his books to the ... public. His daughter Francesca moved in with him. His friends such as Boccaccio, who brought him a Latin translation of Homer's poems, frequently visited him. Petrarch's final ... move was from his donated hom...

• Word Count: 675
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... during the 5th century. At first, the Byzantines attempted to form an uneasy peace with the barbarians who surrounded them. Justinian I became emperor in 527, and ruled until 565. Empress Theodora, his wife, ruled with him until her death in 548. Justinian built Constantinople into a glorious city of domed churches, palaces, and public arenas. By the end of his reign, the city ... of the Holy Land. Later crusades resulted in increased tensions between the Byzantines and the West European Christians. In 1204, during the Fourth Crusade, religious hatred played a key role in the capture of...

• Word Count: 1921
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... BC Fits neatly into the corner of a pediment to a temple. His hair is in rows of tight curls. The musculature is very rigid. His pose is awkward and unnatural, especially given the life-and-death struggle the dying warrior is undergoing. Classical Kritios Boy 110 121 5C BC One of ... a balanced group of sheep (three on each side of Christ). The figures are three-dimensional looking and cast shadows. The golden cross shows Christ's victory over death. VOCABULARY Ambulatory: a passageway around the apse or altar of a church Apse: the endpoint of a church where the altar is located Axial p...

• Word Count: 10708
• Approx Pages: 43
• Grade Level: High School

... it would appear that northern Europe was characterized by a larger consumption of meat, and southern Europe by a larger share of carbohydrates, except obviously in the case of military convoys when meals were improved by barrels of salted meat and tunny fish. Not surprisingly the tables of the rich were ... can vouch for the figure of 180 kilograms per person, which seems (though the calculation is doubtful) to have been the annual consumption in Venice at the beginning of the seven- teenth century.116 However, other indications suggest that the Venetian working class was both well paid...

• Word Count: 1023
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... religion continued to be a governing factor. But, pre humanists began to question the teachings of the church and the corruption evident in the Papacy. Many pre Renaissance and Renaissance individuals felt torn between the pious teachings of the church and the earthly pleasures which ... , would dominate his writing in which his sonnets, written in vernacular Italian, would help define Italian as an accepted language. At his father's insistence, he studied law at the University of Bologna, but left after his father's death to pursue a life of scholarship. Petrarch was ... the first to u...

• Word Count: 2254
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

... families controlled the largest and wealthiest city-states of Florence, Milan, and Venice. They fought wars against each other and against smaller neighboring states to increase their power. Leonardo da Vinci was born in the year 1452 in the small hill town of Vinci. His father was a successful notary and ... home. Leonardo was free to explore the woods and streams and to study the insects, animals, and birds which he later sketched in great detail in his notebooks. Leonardo's early fascination with nature clearly inspired the paintings he would create as an adult. The detailed and lifel...

• Word Count: 1626
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School