... executives are concentrated into certain types of jobs mostly staff and support jobs that offer little opportunity for getting to the top. A 1986 Wall Street Journal survey found "The highest ranking women in most industries are in non-operating areas such as personnel, public relations, or, occasionally, finance specialties that ... as policy makers. Corporate women don't travel on business as frequently as men, according to surveys by Korn/Ferry International (1982) and Wall Street Journal/Gallup (1984). Studies confirm these differences in status and the different treatment of women...

• Word Count: 2985
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... that all slave traders treated slaves terribly and the distinctiveness of each African was not a concern but, were really looked at as all alike. Dr. Littlefield's Rice and Slaves contradicts this modern day belief system in many ways. He comes to prove that buyers of slaves were indeed very specific ... the idea that Europeans rampaged into Africa and captured Africans like rabid dogs. Even though this may be true in a few cases involving illegal slave ships such as the Amistad, but mostly this is untrue. There was much involvement by African royalty when concerning the slave trade. Thi...

• Word Count: 1473
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... a life-long battle for Dred Scott and his wife, Harriet. In a deposition submitted by Second Lieutenant Miles H. Clark, who was stationed at Ft.Snelling with Dr. Emerson (Mrs. Emerson's deceased husband and original slave owner), Mr. Clark states the position of Mr. Scott, "I knew the negro man named Dred, who is ... the plaintiff in this suit. I first knew Dred some time in the year of 1834, at Rock island in the state of Illinois. He was then a servant belonging to Doctor Emeerson, who was there an Assistant Surgeon in the [U.S. Army] and was stationed there ... /case lies in where th...

• Word Count: 1770
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... the crusade, Christians and Muslims used religion to justify slavery. In the fifteenth century, race became the primary basis for slavery. In 1444, Henry the navigator, Prince of Portugal, sent ships to explore the coast of Africa. His men brought back captives who were sold into slavery. Africans were not seen as inferior because of skin color, and their status as ... by having Blacks try to use White only restrooms, and eat at White only lunch counters. Marches organized by Black leaders such as Dr. King and James Forman. The struggle for the right of Blacks to register to vote. Dr. K...

• Word Count: 2285
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... organizations began to form in the effort to abolish the death penalty and poor living conditions of the prisons. A huge leap forward was made when Dr. Benjamin Rush, a Philadelphia Resident, published An Enquiry How Far the Punishment of Death is Necessary in Pennsylvania. In his book he made a case ... capital crimes, they also built a penitentiary in every single state I listed. A few states, on the other hand, took an opposite action. Rhode Island for instance reinstated the death penalty for such crimes as rape and arson. Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Connecticut all raised death ...

• Word Count: 3139
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... crime. The NBC correspondent reported that Newton used money earned from organized crime to buy a hotel in Las Vegas (Brown, p.30). Richard Jewell, former Olympic security guard, sued The Atlanta Journal-Constitution for defaming his character and bringing forth false information after he had been named as a suspect (The Quill, p.7). All three of these cases are similar in one major respect ... cases named above came from a Supreme Court ruling in the New York Times versus Sullivan case. The case began when a paid advertisement in the New York Times appeared and supported Dr. Martin Lut...

• Word Count: 2026
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... society has sought to make the process more "civilized and less painful." However, those cannot be changed because there is no civilized way of killing; killing is killing. In 1789, Dr. Joseph Guillotin presented the use of the guillotine, a device where a large blade will chop off the head of the condemned. This method became the standard method of execution in France ... until it was abolished in 1981. At the request of Dr. Alfred Porter Southwick's, a modern method of execution was invented: death by electrocution. The condemned person was to be strapped into a chair, electrodes were...

• Word Count: 6785
• Approx Pages: 27
• Grade Level: High School

... 1, 1839, the Africans seized the ship, killed the captain and the cook, and ordered the planters to sail to Africa. On August 24, 1839, the Amistad was seized off Long Island, NY, by the U.S. brig Washington. The planters were freed and the Africans were imprisoned in New Haven, CT, on charges of murder. Although the murder charges were dismissed, the Africans ... were born free. When, in fact, they were natives of Africa, and were born free from slavery. The United States argued that its treaty with Spain required it to return ships and property seized by U.S. government vessels to the...

• Word Count: 1316
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... murder and treason. Unfortunately, the bill was lost due to a lack of one vote. Once Cesare Beccaria opened the door for questioning the belief in the death penalty, others followed. Dr. Benjamin Rush argued the point that capital punishment did not act as a deterrent for crimes. This attempt to enlighten others on the brutality of the sentence caused many states to ... alter their laws. These states, such as Pennsylvania, Michigan, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin, along with important figureheads like Benjamin Franklin, Philadelphia's Attorney General William Bradford, only commit the crim...

• Word Count: 2965
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... , otherwise known as the Treaty of Paris. After which time, Guam became a cooling and watering station for U.S. naval vessels and is treated as mere property , with no distinction between the island of Guam and its inhabitants. In absorbing Guam as U.S. territory, the Federal government had not initially intended for the people of Guam to obtain U.S. citizenship. Despite that fact, the Guamanians ... relationship for the CNMI. This has not been so. To this, E. Robert Statham, Jr. writes: The NMI Commonwealth Covenant, conversely, produces a quasi-confederal relationship between the Unite...

• Word Count: 2584
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

The U.S. Supreme Court is set to tackle gay marriage in a matter of months, but legislative action this week in Rhode Island and Illinois shows that supporters aren't in wait-and-see mode. Buoyed by ballot victories in four states in November, they're now on the offensive in two more; wins ... or they could do something in between. In the meantime, gay-marriage advocates are pressing the issue at the state level. In addition to Rhode Island and Illinois, lawmakers in Delaware, Hawaii, Minnesota, New Jersey and Rhode Island reportedly could consider the issue later this year. "There's alwa...

• Word Count: 1098
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... sustained apart from the mother. [12] Since 1973, many advances have taken place in the Neonatal field. A practicing pediatrician and clinical investigator, Dr. Jean A. Wright, testified in front of the Senate Judiciary Committee on January 21, 1998, about her first-hand knowledge of the changes in ... medical and legal understanding of the unborn, and in doing so, lead us to making better decisions for this vulnerable population." [17] Dr. Wright is asserting that the legal realm should acknowledge the advances in medicine by accepting the broadening scope of fetus viability as define...

• Word Count: 1624
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... that made people of all races respect him. Martin Luther King was a very intelligent man with a life full of obstacles as well as great accomplishments. Dr. King was a very intelligent with many years of schooling. After graduating from High School at the age of 15 he attended Morehouse College, and later ... . Then four years later he graduated with a doctorate of philosophy in systematic theology. All of his schooling helped him write wonderful and motivating speeches. Dr. King had many accomplishments in his life. With his help the Supreme Court rules that bus segregation is illegal. ...

• Word Count: 348
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: High School

... of The Montgomery Improvement Association, in which she served on the MIA Executive Board, the Mayor's Committee, and was the editor for the MIA Newsletter. As Dr. King would later write, "Apparently indefatigable, she, perhaps more than any other person, was active on every level of the protest."[ Stride Toward Freedom, ... MIA met with the City Commission numerous times trying to right the wrongs that were created by the city's segregation laws but, in spite of Dr. King valet efforts, the City Commission refused to meet the demands of the black community. Negotiations would stop and t...

• Word Count: 1946
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... Graw-Hill). But what about active euthanasia? Currently only Oregon and the Netherlands have laws permitting physician-assisted suicide. There was little need to until Dr. Jack Kevorkian, a 70-year old retired pathologist from Royal Oak, Michigan. Dr.Kevorkian used "bully pulpit" to strongly advocate for allowing patients the right to decide when they no longer wished to live. . He challenged the ... 130 patients up to now (Naidu). Because the Michigan Supreme Court up held a lower court decision, it was ruled that the current law outlawing assisted suicide was constitutional. Dr. Kevor...

• Word Count: 874
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... the Justice Department (What is the Current Law Regarding Assisted Suicide? Online). One of the most vocal supporters of physician assisted suicide would have to be Dr. Jack Kevorkian. He started writing about euthanasia in the early 1980's proposing systems of planned deaths in suicide clinics. His first assisted suicide was performed in ... injection to Thomas Youk. A Michigan jury found him guilty of second degree murder and he is currently in jail appealing that decision. Dr. Kevorkian is a believer in free choice and feels that the terminally ill are entitled to a humane and peacefu...

• Word Count: 1606
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... thriving port city of St. Louis. During these years, Dredmarried and had a child. After the death of the Blows, Dred was sold to Dr. Emerson, an army surgeon. He and Scott traveled through Illinois and Minnesota. When Dr. Emerson died, Dred Scott was sent back to St. Louis to Mrs. Emerson. This was when Scott argued that under the terms of the ... Missouri Compromise, the fact that he and Dr. Emerson lived in Illinois and Minnesota made him a free man. The Missouri Compromise did not allow slavery in whatever territory that remained from the Louisiana Purchase north of a specific line ....

• Word Count: 2088
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... penalty is a warning, just like a lighthouse throwing beams out to sea. We hear about shipwrecks, but we do not hear about the ships the lighthouse guides safely on their way. We do not have proof of the number of ships it saves, but we do not tear the lighthouse down,""("Justice For All" 5). Although the death penalty is a deterrent, it is not ... ...

• Word Count: 4548
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... makes a deal with the King of Spain which gives the Louisiana Territory to France. 1801-Jefferson's inaugural address, March 4. Aaron Burr becomes vice President. The Barbary Pirates start looting American ships and the head of Tripoli government cuts down the flag of American Consulate which was a direct war suggestion. Jefferson works on a manual of parliamentary practice, which is published in 1801 ... as joint commissioners to Great Britain. Zebulon Pike's expedition, which began in the fall of 1805, is at the Arkansas River a this time. 1807- U.S. Chesapeake was attacked by British...

• Word Count: 609
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

... Unfinished Nation: a concise history of the American people" Alan Brinkley, Columbia University- Seventh edition. Vol. 1 Eshleman, Michael O. " John Marshall: The Chief Justice Who Saved The Nation." Library Journal 139.16 (2014):100. Literary Reference Center. Web. 5 Oct. 2015. "John Marshall." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition (2015): 1-2 History Reference Center. Web. 5 Oct 2015. McConnell, M.W. "John Marshall And ... ...

• Word Count: 922
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... succeed from his parents. Thurgood was the second son of William Canfield Marshall, and Norman Arica Marshall. William Marshall worked a variety of jobs including as a steward for the prestigious Gibson Island Club, on Chesapeake Bay located in Baltimore Maryland. William Marshall was the first black person to serve on Baltimore's Grand Jury. Norma Arica Marshall a nice looking young lady was a ... succeed from his parents. Thurgood was the second son of William Canfield Marshall, and Norman Arica Marshall. William Marshall worked a variety of jobs including as a steward for the prestigi...

• Word Count: 10466
• Approx Pages: 42
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... police officers and abuses inflicted on demonstrators. Of the 650,000 circulated, 350 went to Montgomery, Alabama. A reporter, Cleveland Hall Jr. wrote an editorial about the advertisement in the Alabama Journal, misstatements and errors. There was no proof that students were padlocked in the dining hall in an attempt to be forced into submission, he stated in his editorial among other ... Burgwyn Jones, who wrote the Alabama Pleading and Practice Law, as well as The Confederate Creed. The jury consisted of twelve white men whose named were published in the Alabama Journal. Everything w...

• Word Count: 2487
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... social pressure. They will date white women, but they will not marry them. Tucker, M. B. and Mitchell-Kernan, Claudia. 1990. "New Trends in Black American Interracial Marriage: The Social Structural Context."" Journal of Marriage and the Family 52: 209-218. There is a dramatic difference in the rates on interracial marriages on the basis of region and gender. The rates tend to be ... goes on, and more black-white relationships form, the significance tends to decrease. Yancey, George. 2002. "Who Interracially Dates: An Examination of the Characteristics of those who have Interracially Da...

• Word Count: 4284
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... families, and that supporting families builds stronger communities for us all. And most Americans are coming to understand that gay people, like other human beings, want security, respect, and equality, treasure our families, and want and need the freedom to marry. This is not the first time our country has struggled over exclusion from and discrimination in marriage. Race discrimination in ... ...

• Word Count: 703
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... . John Quincy Adams expressed the following in a letter dated November 19, 1839: "They were victims of the African slave trade, recently imported into the island of Cuba, in gross violation of the laws of the Island and of Spain; and by acts which our own laws have made piracy - punishable with death". John Quincy Adams criticized the President's actions. Adams ... ...

• Word Count: 1008
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School