... coalition which eventually crushed fascism at the cost of millions of people dead, wounded, and displaced. After 1945 fascism's legacy continued to structure the political landscape. Political leaders in the Allied countries drew legitimacy from their role in defeating fascism, while governments in Italy and Germany claimed descent from the antifascist resistance. The left accused conservative anticommunists ... and murdered blacks in the name of a law 'from which no human laws can permanently derogate'. Membership might have reached half a million before the Klan was disbanded by ...

• Word Count: 5609
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of national unity based on Rome. When Sebastini, the new French Foreign Minister, announced in September that France would oppose any intervention by Austria outside her frontiers in Italy, revolutionary leaders decided to take the risk and in February 1831, revolt broke out in Bologna. The realization that Italian hopes depending upon the attitude of the French was perfectly sound and ... believed that there was more to be gained from Piedmont. Where Metternich failed was in preventing single campaigns against individual gradually developing into a larger scheme of renovations and when...

• Word Count: 10644
• Approx Pages: 43
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... economy would operate. Mussolini soon became an ex-socialist, intent on integrating the lessons and appeal of nationalism with the appeal of socialism. The movement he produced he called "fascism." after "fasces", the symbol of bound sticks used a totem of power in ancient Rome Which People? ... are diametrically opposite and fiercely opposed to each other. Basic Beliefs? A belief in leaders: good politics sees not representatives expressing the desires of those below but leaders who command; the goals of a country are imposed by leaders of vision from above. A belief in the value of a s...

• Word Count: 1819
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and non-German areas, made conflicts with foreign countries and with national minorities inevitable' in places like Posen, which had a large polish ethnic population. The German and Italian national movement had a similar problem in the revolutions of 1848, which revolved around controlling the provinces of Schleswig-Holstein and Lombardy-Venetia respectively. The former province was composed mainly of German's, but ... Habsburg's failed to do so. The lack of firm leadership of the Italian national movement during the war, is another factor which must not be ignored as the different Ita...

• Word Count: 3402
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the 70's which was the long realization process that the cultural sector needed to be rightly distributed among the nation. The first act of the movement was in 1975 when they created a new department called the Ministry of Heritage which dealt with the monuments, museums, libraries, cultural institutions and ... the department of performing arts was never followed through due to confusion among the Ministry for Popular culture amidst being dissolved. In this new movement and within the Ministry of Heritage, it was almost the mission of the nation to keep the prominence of the cultural h...

• Word Count: 4030
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... individuals sought self gratification through art, literature, and architecture, and their achievements would influence future generations for centuries to come. This great new movement was originated and centered in Italy, and without Italian contribution would never have launched European society into the dawning of a new era. At ... the Renaissance and many of its core philosophies truly began to take off in Italy. Humanism is considered to be the most significant intellectual movement of the Renaissance. As its name implies, humanism was a philosophy that was characterized by blendin...

• Word Count: 1908
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Benito Mussolini over the course of his lifetime went from Socialism to the leadership of a new political movement called fascism. During many years, Italy was faced with false, disloyal leaders, and Mussolini came and augmented Italy and became the spokesman of a nation betrayed by its leaders, who could only make Italy dependent on Germany and Austria . "He was the leader who succeeded where ... his mentors had so lamentably failed" , Mussolini was far more involved in the process of governing and accomplishing the Italian Nationalist dream than many of the Italian leaders during the ...

• Word Count: 677
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... .  French art featured clean simplicity. While the essence of the Renaissance ultimately took many forms, it was expressed earliest by the intellectual movement called Humanism. Of all the practices of Renaissance Europe, nothing is used to distinguish the Renaissance from the Middle Ages more than humanism as both ... them important books and manuscripts and a tradition of Greek scholarship (Will Durant, 1981). Humanism is considered to be the most significant intellectual movement of the Renaissance. As its name implies, humanism was a philosophy that was characterized by blending c...

• Word Count: 1970
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... 1922, when Mussolini came into power, it had gone further still. At the start, there was nothing anti-Semitic about the Fascist regime.11 Surely, some extremist members of the movement were anti-Semites, but they never set the dominant tone. Not surprisingly, although it may seem peculiar in retrospect, many of the Jews of Italy initially were philo-Fascists: Mussolini ... s movement, after all, was both patriotic and predominantly middle class - so were the Jews. Concerning Mussolini himself, his own statements about Jews were so contradictory and interpretations of them have diverged ...

• Word Count: 4666
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Benito Mussolini was a dictator and the leader of the Italian Fascist movement. Mussolini's reign of terror, as he referred to it, failed because numerous mistakes were made on his part during his career. One of these mistakes was his agreement to form ... Hitler was his most advantageous choice with whom to form an ally. How could the Nazis ever fail, with their efficient military skills and professional organization? Subsequently, Nazi and Fascist leaders met to discuss and "harmonize plans- in "preparation for war."" On the 28 of September, 1937, Mussolini made his first visit to Germany,...

• Word Count: 2168
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to create works of art. Also, during the Renaissance, social mobility was much more common- people had easier access to changing their class based on their personal wealth, and this movement was much more common than it was in the clearly defined Middle Ages. The sudden revival of learning and literature is another aspect that supports the idea that the Renaissance ... idea had been around for a while, it was not popular in the Middle Ages and it quickly gained prestige throughout the 13th, 14th, and 15th centuries in European history. Church leaders not only practiced their religion, b...

• Word Count: 1173
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... president appoints one-third of those judges, another one-third is elected by Parliament, and the ordinary and administrative supreme courts elect the last one-third. Italy's political parties and leaders are put in three major groups: the Olive Tree, the House of Freedom, and those who are in neither. Olive Tree consists of the Democrats of the Left, the Greens ... Italia, the National Alliance, Christian Democratic Center, and the Democratic Union for the Republic. The two most popular parties that aren't with the Olive Tree or the House of Freedom movement are the Northern League, an...

• Word Count: 260
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate