... , which is already severely affecting large areas of the conifer forests of northeast North America and Europe. Solutions include the development of alternative fuel wood supplies through fuel wood plantations, the regulation of logging, and a consensus as to the value of forest conservation over commercial development. Overgrazing and firewood gathering denude vast areas of arid lands, resulting in inexorable spread of deserts and desert like conditions. The United ... and air) and life support systems, such as agricultural systems, coastal and fresh water systems, and forests. 2. The p...

• Word Count: 654
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The United Nations Trust Fund in Support of Actions to Eliminate Violence against Women recently awarded $10 million in grants to 13 initiatives in 18 countries. The UN Trust Fund, which is managed by the United Nations Development Fund for Women, or UNIFEM, was established in 1996 by the United Nations, and still remains the only multilateral grant-making mechanism solely devoted to supporting local and national efforts to end violence against women and girls. Its recent grant completed the UN Trust Fund's 14th grant-making cycle of 2009, which awarded a total of $20.5 million to 26 projects ...

• Word Count: 1050
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Qatar back to Benghazi in Libya recently (Robertson). In March, al-Obeidy made international headlines after she burst into a hotel full of journalists in Tripoli claiming that 15 of Gaddafi's men had beaten and raped her. Libyan officials quickly dragged her from the hotel, but her message had been received. ... felt after hearing about her escape, she may be in even worse trouble. While she was awaiting resettlement as a refugee, the Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees was busily preparing papers for her departure. During this time, Qatari authorities took her and her par...

• Word Count: 512
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... (Chick). Israel defense forces are expected to interfere with the flotilla's passage before it even reaches Israel (Weiss). "As the Director of the Government Press Office, I would like to make it clear to you and to the media that you represent that participation in the flotilla ... " actions and urged them to use "established and efficient" measures to get aid to Gaza (Chick). The Foreign Press Association fought back in favor of the activists, saying journalists have a right to cover a legitimate news event and should not be threatened or intimidated for doing their jobs. The associat...

• Word Count: 620
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... with the situation and the seeker usually ends up exploited without consent (HumanTrafficking.org). One must remember that criminals exist in every country in the world that does these crimes of human trafficking. Criminals target not only the women and young girls but also men and young boys. Because trafficking is a crime against humanity, the (UNTOC) which is the United Nations ... Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, assists states in their attempts to implement Protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons. Usually these things happen because of weak ...

• Word Count: 533
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... protestors or the government, demonstrators vowed to temporarily forego their demonstrations in honor of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan. The Syrian government quickly took advantage of the demonstrators' silence by ordering a military assault on the city of Hama, killing almost 100 Syrians over the span of a weekend. In light of the unprovoked violence, the United Nations Security Council met to discuss what ... action they would take, but Russia and China disagree with the majority. Ban expressed his disgust with the Syrian military and President al-Assad. "Since the beginning of this...

• Word Count: 528
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... protestors or the government, demonstrators vowed to temporarily forego their demonstrations in honor of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan. The Syrian government quickly took advantage of the demonstrators' silence by ordering a military assault on the city of Hama, killing almost 100 Syrians over the span of a weekend. In light of the unprovoked violence, the United Nations Security Council met to discuss what ... action they would take, but Russia and China disagree with the majority. Ban expressed his disgust with the Syrian military and President al-Assad. "Since the beginning of this...

• Word Count: 528
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to rampage through the country and food prices to reach unprecedented amounts. To make matters worse, Al-Shabab, the militia associated with al-Qaeda that now holds power in much of southern Somalia, prohibits any international aid agencies from assisting the poverty-stricken Somalis (Raghavan). Although uncontrollable, natural elements played a huge role in the country's famine, the militia multiplied ... countries. Kenya welcomes about 1,300 Somalis everyday, while Ethiopia receives almost 400 more daily (Raghavan). Since 2009, al-Shabab began to prohibit international aid agencies fro...

• Word Count: 518
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... on Yeonpyeong (Lederer). Tensions continue to rise as South Korea's military plans to conduct live-fire drills for an entire day on the island of Yeonpyeong, the same island that the North attacked last month as the South conducted a similar exercise. China and Russia, North Korea's closest allies ... France, demanded that the council put the blame solely on North Korea for the November 23rd attack on Yeonpyeong and the March 26th sinking of the South Korean warship Cheonan by a North Korea torpedo. The US, which holds the rotating council presidency this month, spoke out against ... (L...

• Word Count: 820
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... materials and semi finished proudcts from all over the world. Only developing countries can supply raw materials to industrialized contries due to the lack of technology. Industrialzed countries can not prosper without reciveing adaquate supply of raw materials and semi-finished products. For their fininshed goods, they have to market all over the world and main consumers are developing countries ... . In this regards of mutual benefits, industrialized countries should support financing, fomulating free trade areas, and deduction of custom tarffs so that developing countries can supply ra...

• Word Count: 414
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... This leads to receiving capital inflows and foreign diresct investment in order to develop quickly. Hence, these are necessary to have high incomes.Nevertheless, 75 percent of the total stock and 60 percent of the flow of FDI (foreign direct investment) stayed in the most powerful regions e.g. in North America, European Economic Area and Japans. These countries make powerful pressures over ... financial markets and other economic tendencies. So global market does not mean regulation and control, it means limtation of developing countries by the great powers and the economic doctrines whi...

• Word Count: 751
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... direction within the nation-states. There would be no more secrecy involving treaties and alliances. Specifically, military alliance would be replaced by "guarantees of security". All disputes between individual states would be openly and diplomatically discussed. Finally, agreed disarmament would prevent an arms race like the one that ... political disputes in the early to mid 1920's. In 1920 Sweden and Finland fought over the Aaland Islands, with the League ruling in favor of Finland. In 1921 Germany and Poland argued over Upper Silesia, and the League split the land between them. A con...

• Word Count: 660
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... quot;genocide" when explaining Rwanda's environment because it would have forced the international community to take action as stated in UNAMIR. Members of the UN Security Council presented vague proposals when sending in more peacekeepers just to keep themselves from getting physically involved. It were actions like ... these the UN took to stay away instead of using physical force to stop the killings. If the United States would have been aboard, France would have bandwagoned. These superstates combined would have ... the United Nation's biggest failure. The UN failed Rwanda by not su...

• Word Count: 842
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... were influenced by political, military and economic aspects, which majorly impacted in the conflict between the countries developing into the Cold War. Considerations of political aspects were vital in understanding the tensions, which arose between the USA and USSR. After WWII, peace was restored throughout Europe, however ... would help to take the pressure off the Russians on the Eastern Front. There was a belief that the Allies delayed it in hope of weakening the USSR to restrict post war expansion. This had frustrated Stalin as he was hoping the German troops to be withdrawn from the...

• Word Count: 885
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to protect their homeland, they failed to change. The Palestinian military lacked organization, so even after Israelis announced themselves own Israel, Palestinians could not take immediate action (Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. History: War). The United Nations built the future for Palestine without getting the opinions from the indigenous Palestinians. The United Nations tended to favor Israelis, because Israelis got support ... Jewish Israelis than Palestinian Israelis, as Jewish Israelis can travel worldwide with the rights to return while Palestinian Israelis have no right to return to I...

• Word Count: 1073
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... rights are attainable in such a culturally diverse world. I argue that with increased dialogue and understanding between states that a minimal level of ethical standards can be reached for the greater good of society. One of the arguments made against the concept of human rights is that it comes from a politically liberal outlook. This outlook is generally accepted in western democracies and in some ... rights is unattainable due to cultural relativism is short-sighted. Although misunderstandings can lead to conflict and aggression, as Benhabib says, "the breakdown of communication can ...

• Word Count: 793
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... (IMF) voting rights, based on how much money a member state contributes to the IMF through the quota system, does not fairly reflect the changing global economic landscape. The economic importance of countries whose economies have quickly expanded is not expressed fairly in their quota allocation and the minute quotas for smaller, less-developed countries prevents them from having any real say ... . The simplest, and most attainable, reform to the voting system that will give expanding nations and smaller, poorer nations more of a voice within the IMF is to adopt a double-majority voting...

• Word Count: 731
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to sustainable development. Its society has vastly improved living standards, while extending socio-economic factors to the entire country, such as health care, education and housing. The Republic of Mauritius is in favor of assisting in sustainable development in the rest of Sub-Saharan Africa, especially by encouraging international trade to these countries as that played a role in Mauritius's development. The Republic ... of Mauritius defines sustainable development by the United Kingdom definition as "social progress that recognizes the needs of everyone, with high levels of economic...

• Word Count: 515
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... infectious disease and land shrinkages increase, many individuals are being forced from rural areas to live in the already overpopulated cities. This complicates matters further by elevating poverty, spread of infectious disease and water shortages. Moreover, migration into urban areas many times produces conflict as diverse ethnic and tribal groups are forced to live with one another. The solution ... infectious disease and land shrinkages increase, many individuals are being forced from rural areas to live in the already overpopulated cities. This complicates matters further by elevatin...

• Word Count: 1499
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... remove useless, counterproductive treaties. In addition to a new security regime, the United States needs to improve and enhance conventional forces and provide extensively for their own national security. The withdrawal of North Korea serves as the first challenge to the NPT. Korean officials claimed that their withdrawal from the treaty was a self-defensive measure taken against the United States and the ... Nations Security Council. In reality, however, North Korea's withdrawal can be seen as an opportunity for them to pursue a nuclear program free from international prohibitions set f...

• Word Count: 689
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... influence, the Korean people came to develop a peace-loving yet dynamic character that has created a contemplative yet vibrant, optimistic yet sentimental culture. Being a culture, aware of what happens in its surroundings, English is taught at all schools since junior high school and Chinese is a language that many speak in Korea. The predominant religions are Christianity ... and Buddhism. Korea is rich in coal, tungsten, graphite, molybdenum, lead, and has a great hydropower potential. It has a gross domestic product of $931 billion dollars. However, Korea is a nation recovering from...

• Word Count: 753
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... investing over $20 million into the industry, with any US or non US company facing sanctions if they are in breach of the terms. Though the string of US sanctions on Iran up to the Bush government undoubtedly reduced the funding available for terrorist organisations and damaged the Iranian economy ... nuclear operations. As it stands, Iran will cease operations deemed suitable to further ability to build a bomb, but be able to maintain a level of nuclear activity suitable for medical, power and research purposes. The chosen path to a solution for Iranian/Western tensions have successfully...

• Word Count: 1264
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... events happened along history, still being people who want to dominate no matter how, without thinking in the goodness for a bigger numbers of people. That is the case of North Korea with a leader who prefers to invest more money in military armament than provide to the people the basics needs. Giving to ... , is notable that to be the organization to protect and guarantee peace and security in the world, it is not good enough. First of all even though the UN is conformed for 193 countries, the power is still concentrated in the potential countries, by the way, the same countries ... tha...

• Word Count: 774
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... when individuals with the same goals, or self-interests, collaborate to achieve their goals, and in politics this usually concerns the distribution of public goods. The problem with collective action is that it tends to fail the larger the group is, and individuals in the group ... their economy competitive. So one nation will benefit from emitting greenhouse gases, but the whole world absorbs the cost. The dangerous consequences of global warming are only now being felt, so thus this is an extremely important problem on the international scale, and must be ... . If a poorer country was...

• Word Count: 1485
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... traditional weaponry such as land mines, aircraft, guns, grenades, and tanks. The United States spends six times more money on vertical conventional weapons proliferation than our closest contender. A prime example of vertical conventional weapons proliferation would be the arms race between Germany and Great Britain that was a precursor to World War I; the two countries were competing with one another to see ... that country leverage; power to bargain. That state has something others want or don't want them to use so they are willing to bargain with them. An excellent example of horizont...

• Word Count: 1359
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate