... able to spy on every single American whichever mean of communication he wanted. This meant telephone calls, email messages, SMS, social media profiles, conversations online, etc. This spying was under secret for four years, only known by Congress, the Executive Branch, and the New York Times. According to the NSA, the President was breaking the nation's laws, and even though he ... , when at the end, they were just students. This and many other cases occur, for example when another college student posted a tweet commenting about his Islam Studies class, the state police went to his schoo...

• Word Count: 1471
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Rescue or protesters at Vieques Island, Puerto Rico would become victims of criminal wiretapping and other electronic surveillance. In addition, the act would terminate court-approved limits on police spying, which were initially put in place to prevent McCarthy-style law enforcement persecution based on political or religious affiliation. This style of law enforcement is basically where the ... , without any connection to anti-terrorism efforts, sensitive personal information about U.S. citizens to be shared with local and state law enforcement. In addition, the government could gain se...

• Word Count: 667
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... by intimidation or coercion (ACLU). However, this may include a Muslim who attends a mosque regularly or a college student who participated in a peace protest. Law enforcement may evolve into "thought police," because they are given the right to detain these alleged "terrorists," and even press charges based solely on one's beliefs (PFAW). The Patriot Act also infringes upon the protection guaranteed ... are of Muslim or Middle Eastern descent (Masci). The government has refused to publish the names or whereabouts of the detainees, even after a court order. There have been cases of secr...

• Word Count: 1410
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... NSA can infiltrate any secure network by creating backdoor encryption algorithms. In other words the government has the ability and legal right to weaken any secure private network by installing a secret pathway into a private system and accessing that system with its own password. All of this can be done unknown to the developer and user of the program. In addition to ... was breaking our civil liberties then why does it matter now? To answer this question, we didn't know then, but now we have concrete evidence that America is transforming into a police state. The fact that before ther...

• Word Count: 1630
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... contain where their information came from (52). This shows that the government is expecting privacy for itself by not allowing its sources to be known; yet by keeping these sources secret they are denying privacy to United States citizens. Despite their rulings in favor of personal privacy the Supreme Court has also upheld laws that deny privacy to individuals. One such ... Supreme Court ruling found that "the police may legally search, without a warrant, trash or garbage that individuals leave out for collection" ("Privacy of Garbage"). This ruling goes against the Fourth Amendment tha...

• Word Count: 2150
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... educated brains as he could possibly have on his side to concrete his position. Also, to secure his power he arranged for the systematic deportation of his enemies and had secret police that proved to be useful and efficient. Another problem he dealt with immediately was the disaffection that occurred between France and the Catholic Church during the revolution. Through the Concordat ... ...

• Word Count: 4395
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... it in order to be readmitted into the Union However, the Supreme Court's ruling in the 1873 Slaughterhouse cases diluted the amendment so much that all federal control over state police powers was virtually eliminated . The Fourteenth Amendment was also very important much later on, in the 1950s and 1960s. While originally constructed to deal with the rights of freedmen, cases ... of the `60s. The fourteenth amendment was arguably the most important of all. It radically changed the definition of the United States Citizen. After the civil war at least two secret societies spun off from t...

• Word Count: 1793
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate