... he spends Friday and Saturday nights looking for superficial satisfaction. Although his affairs with married women have become a major topic of local gossip, Arthur focuses on himself and does not care much about the others. For the interpretation of the novel, we must point out that Arthur's excessive lifestyle (containing violent struggles, illegal sex and a lot of drinking) is not only adolescent van-dalism but ... could be surprised of Arthur trying to escape from this miserable world and who could reproach him of using the present means of his environment for this escape, which are...

• Word Count: 819
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... grade 12. Though I had not enough time to develop a really deep and completed characterization of the novel's protagonist during the 90 minutes of the exam, I hope my paper will offer some useful impulses for those interested in the novel. Alan Sillitoe: Saturday and Sunday Morning A view on the protagonist Alan Sillitoe's novel Saturday Night and Sunday Morning, a sensational success when first published in 1958, is nowadays widely ... spends Friday and Saturday nights looking for superficial satisfaction. Although his affairs with married women have become a major topic of local gossip,...

• Word Count: 891
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... operate in unhealthy conditions. Sinclair exposed corruption in a variety of businesses in The Jungle, however his main focus was Chicago's meat-packing industry. Diseased meat, unsanitary working conditions and death were some of the awful conditions described by Sinclair. Death was a major issue in the novel. The deaths in The Jungle shed light on the theme that capitalist societies will do whatever it takes to get what they ... desire, sacrificing weak lives in the way. Other deaths were caused by the horrendous working conditions in the large capitalist businesses other than just th...

• Word Count: 756
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in which could conspire to revolt, but finally helps to acquaint himself with his own human nature and true aloneness in the world. The fact is that men cannot be collectively conscious of the natural world, in so forth that the realization of the forces of nature and a natural state of being scares one when they realize they are alone. Men are, therefore, stuck in ... product, and remains so as long as men exist at all. Consciousness is at first, of course, merely consciousness concerning the immediate sensuous environment and consciousness of the limited connection with other persons ...

• Word Count: 648
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Soviet. For some characters in the novel, the ability to cope with the new implications of communism in society is impossible. As Gladkov points out, it is not possible for everyone to internalize the new structure of society. Just as Nurka is not conditioned to live on in the new Soviet state, another character, Polia, is also unable to endure the consequences of change. Polia represents ... what Dasha was before the war: warm and full of innocent desire to change the world. Towards the end of the novel, Polia is expelled from the party as a consequence of ... criticizing the new econ...

• Word Count: 3036
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... if capitalism continues to exploit workers for the benefits of the rich. The novel distorts Charles Darwin's theory of "survival of the fittest" by telling the story of a scientist who travels into the future only to discover that the indulged wealthy have degenerated into helpless beings, and the oppressed poor have degenerated into underground cannibals. The futuristic tale illustrates the true essence of Darwin's theory: there ... not an East-end worker live in such artificial conditions as practically to be cut off from the natural surface of the earth?" (Wells 36). While this ficti...

• Word Count: 1341
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... support of millions of peasants by promising land to the people. The unpopularity of the Tsar was exacerbated by the humiliation in the Russo-Japanese war, and ultimately the spark that started the active part of the Revolution was the massacre at Bloody Sunday. The Tsar's leadership was the root and foundation of almost all of the problems that culminated in the 1905 Revolution. Tsar Nicholas II was not a ... redemption payments over 49 years and shrinking of plot sizes meant that the lives of the peasants was incredibly hard and poverty stricken. Due to this, nearly a million people cam...

• Word Count: 1021
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... can easily be acquainted with this approach is May Sinclair's (1863-1946) novel: The Life and Death of Harriett Frean, as it concentrates upon the Victorian English class system and the willing oppression of the named protagonist. Although May Sinclair's focus in the novel is upon Psychoanalysis and the repression of sexuality, the actions, virtues and social systems within this text are relevant to Marxist literary ... (Pg. 29), this differentiation in the text is shown through Harriett's eyes and once again shows the differences between social positions within the text. The voice of H...

• Word Count: 1734
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... earned through commerce. Even Miss Havisham's family fortune was made through the brewery that is still connected to her house. In this way, by connecting the theme of social class to the idea of work and self-advancement, Dickens subtly reinforces the novel's overarching theme of ambition and self-improvement. Self-improvement is what the working-class proletariat was in support of because in order to ... one must first work hard and strive to make something of oneself, especially during the Industrial Revolution. Dickens expresses the plights of characters working against the bourgeoi...

• Word Count: 518
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... little room is left for actual consideration of the characters. As such, the reader learns from Jurgis the ways in which capitalism stifles the working class. Upton Sinclair strategically subjects Jurgis to the atrocities he suffers in the novel to highlight the exogenous demands put on the working man, or proletariat, by the capitalist system. These demands are developed through three courses of the book, the first in which Jurgis is innocent to ... the true character of capitalism, willingly accepting of his role in the sphere of production as a worker in the factory and the sphere of...

• Word Count: 1109
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to be corrupted by power, and the use of allegory. In relation to these two texts I have also examined an extract from the Wild Swans novel by Jung Chang. Power can be represented by admiration from the society, and the authority to take charge of situations and make decisions on behalf of the populus, a great example of this representation would be the leader Napoleon in Animal Farm who ... takes charge of the farm after the animal rebellion, and organises tasks and jobs for ... each animal to complete. Napoleon also creates the seven ... ...

• Word Count: 959
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... 38). To Bakhtin, language is not only important, but crucial for communication. He places a great deal of emphasis on the importance of words addressing someone and having the opportunity to generate conversation to receive an answer. Compared to the relationship between literature and society using Bakhtin's views, literature should degenerate conversation and discourse is impossible to separate from history and ... type of participation is The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. Although the novel is set in the 1920's, it allows readers to view the desperate attempts at achieving the ...

• Word Count: 2612
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... These 10 points included the immediate end to the war, support for the provisional government would stop and the imperialist government would cease to exist. This thesis attacked the Provisional Government, however the Provisional government was going to be weak when it first started, this would be because the Russian people distrusted them. This showed the Russian people that Lenin was on their side and was ... in touch with them. This was one of the catalysts to revolution in November. Lenin wrote The state and Revolution - within ... it he explained the Marxist doctrine of the need ...

• Word Count: 775
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... developed characters. Sinclair wrote the book so that the conditions of the workers lives grew larger than the lives or the workers, however, it would have been more effective to write the book along the lines of a story, or documentary of a family. This way, the reader is able to follow and relate to the troubles of the family on a personal level. The public would have a greater understanding of the book if they could ... and also been a more effective socialist propaganda if Sinclair were to follow these guidelines before writing The Jungle. Propaganda is most effective when it appeal...

• Word Count: 597
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... radicals under Vladimir I. Lenin. Lenin was a Marxist revolutionary with the desire to create a socialist Russia. However, as in all successful revolutions, the leaders begin with idealist principles that are forced to change to more practical doctrines because of realism. Often, revolutionaries are too radical for the majority and their success depends on their ability to change. An ideal is "an ultimate object or ... aim of endeavor,"" one that politically is used to change the government of the country. Under Lenin, the Bolshevik revolution was an attempt to change the government of ...

• Word Count: 1036
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... slightly wrong. Therefore, Karl Marx conceived the idea that the price of a good should no longer be based on market prices or societal worth, but rather the amount of human labor that goes into production and the actual value of use for the product. This eliminates the problem of people laboring away for very little. The time they put into the products gets taken into account and affects ... the price of the good, and items without real societal worth (like shake weights or shamwows. We don't actually need them to live.) are only worth small amounts. The government in a Marxist society...

• Word Count: 642
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Chile, Peru and Colombia. Face-to-Face experiences of social injustices of exploited miners, oppressed communists and the persecuted leper colony allow Guevara to discover the harsh reality of society's attitude toward the human condition and transform their outlook on life. Buenos Aires history professor Carlos M. Vilas states that "His (Guevara) political and social ... of discovery, the corruption, deceit, associated with the naivety of police and common citizens rapidly become noticeable when the consequences are passed on to the poor . Moreover, in the North of Chile, Chuquicamata, ...

• Word Count: 586
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the critiques of Communism. The third section addresses the flaws in other, previous socialist literature. This section is principally a review of other Socialist thinkers. Marx argues that each approach fails because it misses out on a key component of Communist theory. The Reactionaries fail to realize that the inevitability of the bourgeoisie's rise, and of their eventual fall at the hands of the proletariat. The ... Conservative Socialists, similarly, fail to see the inevitability of class antagonism, and of the destruction of the bourgeoisie. The Critical-Utopian Socialists fail to ...

• Word Count: 765
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... as serious decisions such as moving house or buying expensive items such as cars. His study casts doubts on the views of Wilmott and Young, who say that middle class couples are in the forefront of changes towards more equality within marriages. Another sociologist who disagrees with Wilmott and Young's view is ... helped out with childcare. To an extent, she found that Wilmott and Young were correct when they said that the division of labour within couples has become more equal throughout the years. She also believes that we have become as we are today through a process of stratified di...

• Word Count: 1284
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... (4) sections. The first section discusses the Communists' theory of history and the relationship proletarians and bourgeoisie. The second section explains the relationship between the Communists and the proletarians. The third section addresses the flaws in previous socialist literature. The final section discusses the relationship between the Communists and other parties. Marx and Engels argue that all changes in society, political institutions, and in history are driven by a process of collective struggle on the part ... economic interests-slaves against masters, serfs against landlor...

• Word Count: 751
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... vulnerable, another overthrow is very likely. There are various ways in which single-party leaders of the past have managed to strengthen their power, but what is tantamount is the strengthening of their power domestically, which has proven to be the most vital item on the agendas of two of the twentieth century's most famous single-party leaders; Adolf Hitler and Mao Zedong. These two men ... his promises. This helped him gain a lot of mileage on the path to winning over the masses, as millions of formerly unemployed people were finding jobs in the work programs implemented by the Nazi...

• Word Count: 1191
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Marxist theory would be the role of imperial capitalism in the world system. Capitalism was sought to create the pre -conditions for socialism and in turn lead to communism. Capitalism was based on the "concentration of production and capital, created monopolies, export of capital and the merging of bank capital with industrial capital." The West needed to go through the stages of Capitalism in ... order to create the conditions for revolution. The Russian revolution was seen as setting the stage for ... greater social revolution in the West. An example of this ... ...

• Word Count: 1014
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... with fellow revolutionist. One of Lenin's greatest supporters, Leon Trotsky played a major role in the Bolshevik's rise to power. Originally a Menshevik, the rival socialist party to the Bolsheviks, Trotsky was able to convince the Petrograd Soviet to make him head of a new military committee which ultimately passed the power on to the Bolshevik campaign. In an attempt to gain momentum for Lenin's movement, Trotsky convinced Lenin to ... name the revolution in favor of the soviets. This, too, contributed to the sudden majority the Bolsheviks achieved at the congress of soviets in Novemb...

• Word Count: 975
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... political power in February 1917. In October 1917 the Bolsheviks inherited an economy on the brink of collapse. Four years of devastating war had paralysed Russian industry, and the outbreak of widespread civil war, plus the subsequent loss of important agricultural land (i.e. the Volga region, Ukraine) further compounded the problem. As Fitzpatrick asserts, the Bolsheviks "first and overwhelming problem [with the economy] was to keep it running". They did ... policies revealed an inherent willingness to reform and adjust according to the situation it faced. Conclusions on the Russian r...

• Word Count: 956
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Marxist theory would be the role of imperial capitalism in the world system. Capitalism was sought to create the pre -conditions for socialism and in turn lead to communism. Capitalism was based on the "concentration of production and capital, created monopolies, export of capital and the merging of bank capital with industrial capital." The West needed to go through the stages of Capitalism in ... order to create the conditions for revolution. The Russian revolution was seen as setting the stage for ... greater social revolution in the West. An example of this ... ...

• Word Count: 972
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate