... to the harm done because it matters to them how they are treated. Such reactions originate in emotions that are experienced when harm is done. The victim experiences resentment; the community experiences moral indignation. It is the common-sense view that such attitudes are justified in the face of harm done and that they should be conveyed to the criminal ... need to express retributive emotions. What is required is a justification that has the resources to deal both with the social institution's plurality of aims and with the need to express condemnation--a need which originates in th...

• Word Count: 2070
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... it was the socialization of human development that shaped its form, rather than any biologically determined universals. She compared several other South Pacific societies with her own and discovered that what we think of as "feminine" and "masculine" are culturally determined traits, not inherent in biological difference. Two-thirds of African Americans who occupy professional positions are women and this ... often leads to resentment, which in turn creates tension and stress in female-male relationships. More African American women than white women are heads of households. Garnets and ...

• Word Count: 1230
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... The relational purposes include viewing to facilitate communication, viewing for affiliation or avoidance, viewing for social learning , and viewing for competence/dominance (Lull, 1980). RQ1: Is coviewing a parallel or interactive activity for married couples? RQ2: For what social uses do couples in the 1990's watch television? Method The study was used to explore television viewing among married couples. The researchers assume that ... as affiliation or communication facilitation, social learning provided important functions for almost all the respondents in one way or the other. It pro...

• Word Count: 1271
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the building. Yet the moment the "industrialization" occurs in this book, the entire community changes. Thus when Boori Ma states, "Among the wives, however, resentment quickly brewed." When the narrator states, "resentment brewed" she is implicating that the society has become competitive and jealous, and when the family that installed the basins goes away on a trip, " Of all the people who ... to defend herself none will listen and she is mercilessly kicked out of the building. Mr. Chatterjee summed up the situation best when he stated, "Boori Ma .is nothing new. What is new is the fac...

• Word Count: 1399
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the building. Yet the moment the "industrialization" occurs in this book, the entire community changes. Thus when Boori Ma states, "Among the wives, however, resentment quickly brewed." When the narrator states, "resentment brewed" she is implicating that the society has become competitive and jealous, and when the family that installed the basins goes away on a trip, " Of all the people who ... to defend herself none will listen and she is mercilessly kicked out of the building. Mr. Chatterjee summed up the situation best when he stated, "Boori Ma .is nothing new. What is new is the fac...

• Word Count: 1399
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... include alienation, divisiveness and exploitation. Ritual can undermine social structure in that humankind can find instructions in it as to fundamental organising principles and values upon which their own society is based. Zygmunt Bauman takes this further: "In an encounter with that familiar world ruled by habits and reciprocally reasserting beliefs, sociology acts as a meddlesome and often irritating stranger. It ... leg before the eighty-fifth, or the fifty-second before the nineteenth Brutally made self-conscious, the hapless centipede was unable to walk any more." (Bauman, 1997:15...

• Word Count: 1448
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... genetic make up. His research did find some links between aggressive behaviour and disturbances in the level of a chemical called Serotoin, which is directly related to certain genes. Although there was no conclusive proof that this abnormal gene was completely responsible for an increase in violence. ... a bizarre appearance and they behave in ways that others find odd. None of these theories has been able to convincingly demonstrate that there is a casual relationship between biology and crime. Psychological theories share certain similarities with biological theories. Firstly they se...

• Word Count: 2347
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Hedda to her pre-marital identity and also serves to construct her in terms of difference when compared to endorsed female figures of nineteenth century is her association with pistols. Pistols are representative of masculine power, a phallic symbol which serves to link Hedda to her father and thus her ... vital importance to the understandings produced by the audience as it is also defined in terms of being a "child". For example when Lovborg explains to Hedda that he has lost the manuscript "Thea said that what I had done was as good as child murder to her." (Act III, p343) Not ... ...

• Word Count: 2017
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... omitting the Narrators repeated attempts to assist Bartleby, not by forcing him to conform but by allowing him to persist with what he "prefers" to do. Bartleby is allowed to stay in society even after his absolute refusal to contribute anything to it. Even when sent to prison he ... but condone Bartleby's decision to refuse to contribute to society. The Narrator's decision to rid himself of his personal albatross by moving his offices is misinterpreted by Mr. Liao as a choice of personal reputation over compassion for his fellow man. This event can be more accurately described as ... h...

• Word Count: 575
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... from the complex, contested and fragile set of arrangements called "settlements" - the political, economic, social and organisational settlements. Therefore it never was the homogeneous or unified entity that it is often regarded as. Keynes" demand management theory, as a solution to unemployment, advised the government to intervene in the economy by increasing government expenditure in order to increase aggregate demand. ... shaped the nature of the post-war settlements. It established a status quo, which set the limits within which the competing power blocs could compromise and reach a...

• Word Count: 3818
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and goals. Outsiders not belonging to the family were viewed with suspicion, and any interference from them in family matters would lead to much resentment towards them. This form of "us" versus them" approach affected everything from the role of men versus women, to how much individual freedom ... the violence inflicted on my grandmother and mother, I was told by my mother that what is now called PTSD affecting my grandfather and father was the other major contributing factor. It is unfortunate that back then, what was known as shell-shock was dismissed as something that a man had to get...

• Word Count: 2249
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... class people, that really undermines the novel as a piece of social commentary. Although written nearly a hundred years later, George Orwell's Road to Wigan Pier is a great example of social commentary. From the beginning, Orwell sets out to expose the hardship, exploitation, and injustice being suffered by miners in the north of ... does one get to know someone, just by being charitable? There will always be a distance between the two, due to resentment on the part of the receiver who would rather be able to provide for themselves, and a feeling of superiority, which one must feel when ...

• Word Count: 1837
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of people who are completely different, both in terms of ethnicity, language, religion, or physical form to live side by side. This society is what we called as a plural society. Typically, to prevent conflict, they tend to try to unite. The united plural society will merge into ... to make the people become a multicultural society. Encouragement to mutual respect and unity in diversity has become more intense. However, what is happening in the motherland is just the opposite. Interethnic riots are still there and ethnic stereotypes are not yet erased. Real example can be seen from the ...

• Word Count: 1218
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... unnoticed because of a higher tolerance quotient. However the same behavior in other communities would result in the actors being labeled deviant, as the tolerance quotient of the reactors is much lower. What is labeled deviant is also contingent on the community's values, standards, and when the deviance occurred. Lemert viewed deviance as an ongoing process that varied over time, and can undergo change. ... deviation, to which society will counter with stronger penalties and rejections. These may push the individual to further deviance, and may develop feelings of hostilities and resent...

• Word Count: 1737
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... are based on the norms for men, and are nonplussed when their words don't work as they expected, or even spark resentment and anger. Both women and men could benefit from learning each other's styles. Many women could learn from men to accept some ... communication. Men and women have distinct viewpoints and attitudes towards life, think differently, and therefore do not have the same notions of what is essential in communication. Gray (1992) states that the reason men and women communicate in different ways range from biological differences, parental ... a conversation, the conversatio...

• Word Count: 2241
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... change ultimately stems from social, cultural, economic, or historical influences. In the past two centuries, societal influences have made humans more aware of what society is capable of, increasing not only awareness but also fear, inducing in many people feelings of hostility and even insanity as they lose control to the ... the idea of satisfying the society in which one resides. The death of the main female character's German lover, merged with feelings of angst and resentment towards her family for not accepting her choice, led her to suffer from an identity crisis because it was di...

• Word Count: 2771
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of the psychological contract, there is a breach of contract. If the breach is significant, it constitutes a violation (Morrison & Robinson;, 1997). Thus violation is cognitive in nature based on a calculation of the equity between what was received and what was promised. Violation involves a strong emotional experience or "feelings of betrayal and deeper psychological distress," resulting in anger, resentment, a sense of injustice and harm ... " (Rousseau, 1989). Such feelings, in turn, set the stage for revenge or retaliation such as sabotage, theft, or aggressive behavior (Greenberg, ...

• Word Count: 6022
• Approx Pages: 24
• Grade Level: Undergraduate