... , defendants' race continues to interact in important ways with legally relevant and extra-legal variables, thereby resulting in continued racial disparities in sentence outcomes. These findings suggest the need to better understand the processes and context through which race continues to affect sentencing. In addition to empirical research; examining the effect of defendant race on sentence outcomes, a number of important theoretical ... multiple stages of the system. Ultimately, racial disparities in sentencing outcomes are the cumulative result of decisions made in local communities ...

• Word Count: 2620
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... more useful term for understanding the complicity of people of color in upholding and maintaining racial hierarchies that do not involve force- (Hooks , 1995). She claims that "white supremacy" is a better phrase than "internalized racism" in describing the absorption by black people of negative attitudes typically held by white people about blackness. "White supremacy" is also useful when referring to how ... neither inferior or assimilating, that group unconsciously legitimizes the ideology of white supremacy as "its advocates urge black people to negate blackness, to imitate racist w...

• Word Count: 608
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Graduate

... higher education's efforts to address diversity issues on campus and in the curriculum are fostering intellectual development, cultural knowledge, and interracial understanding among their students, making it one of the better accepting diverse ethnic campus community. ...

• Word Count: 607
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Graduate