... entity with the centralised monarchies of England, Spain, France, and Portugal. Before that time, Europe - in the Middle Ages - contained different political entities with a strong base of hierarchical, parallel religious or secular concepts of subordination and dependence, such as the Italian city-states and the Holy Roman Empire. It was the Peace Treaties of Westphalia of ... is, states can exercise sovereign right to exploit natural resources without considering environmental obligations first but rather economic development policies. The Rio Declaration therefore demonstrates that ...

• Word Count: 1818
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... change after the end of the Cold War and not it includes a new additional element, which is "the protection of the environment from irreversible degradation by combating, among other things, acid rain, desertification, forest destruction, ozone pollution, and global warming. In a world in which environmental degradation crosses national borders with abandon, environmental security has impelled states to find cooperative rather than ... ...

• Word Count: 1509
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... on "Psychological Operations in Guerilla Warfare" had encouraged human rights violations and acts contrary to the principles of international humanitarian law. The Court had not, however, found any base to conclude that any of the acts which had been committed were imputable to the United States government. After six vetoes between 1982 and 1986 in the UN Security Council ... Ordinance on the criteria by which the Swiss Confederation engaged private security companies. A second interdepartmental working group was assessing a registration requirement for private security companies that m...

• Word Count: 9871
• Approx Pages: 39
• Grade Level: Graduate

... , as well as a source of cheap labor, not to mention the importance of its markets, which slowly have become less of a surplus into a necessary gain. In this sense, there is a strong asymmetry in the economic dimension of power, which, as it has been discussed in previous essays is the essence of power itself. That asymmetry has slowly been overcome as rich ... of the world represented on its international system. Even though the ideas expressed are highly theorical, it is important to observe that a healthy asymmetry of power is the basis of a strong democratic system, where the balance...

• Word Count: 1033
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Graduate

... giving smaller nations a voice in the global community. Similarly, the European Union offered war-torn nations from World War II a place to work together to rebuild Europe and make it strong, to help it from succumbing to Communism. It also helped add confidence and strength to the European voice so that it would not become a puppet of the United States, as ... ...

• Word Count: 2668
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Graduate