After informal conversations with Licklider at the Second Congress on Information System Sciences in Hot Springs, Virginia, in November 1964, Roberts "concluded that the most important problem in the computer field before us at the time was computer networking; the ability to access one computer from another easily and economically to permit resource sharing." ... In this system, if someone wants computer A to communicate with computer B, there must be a wire or circuit between the two computers. ... Computer A could communicate with any computer in the network. Computer B could also commun...

• Word Count: 4375
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography

Controversies are among the innovators and scholars who analyze technological fields. ... In other words, the advancements made in the fields of mathematics and technology helped to imagine the idea of artificial intelligence. ... Krol writes that people's belief that machines could be as intelligent as humans became stronger after Alan Turing, a British mathematician, wrote the first computer program for chess in 1947, and declared that machines would compete with humans in all purely intellectual fields including chess (36). ... In 1997, the Deep Blue computer defeated the world champi...

• Word Count: 2656
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate