... literature to date has demonstrated some significant limitations, including small sample sizes, a lack of randomized, controlled trials, and disagreement over appropriate outcome measures (Lord et al. 2005; Odom et al. 2010; Rogers and Vismara 2008; Smith et al. 2007). One additional, notable limitation has been the exclusion of assessing how ASD treatments impact parents and families, who often take on a crucial role ... and sexual expression, broad social difficulties, and high likelihood of remaining in the home (Bebko et al. 1987; Brown et al. 2011; Gray 1994; Hall and Graff 2011; In...

• Word Count: 4636
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... differences. Students with autism who are Black or Asian/Pacific Islander are labeled "Autistic " at twice the rate of students who are American Indian/Alaskan or Hispanic, (Warikoo, N., et. al., 2009). These statistics raise questions such as: are families from some minority cultures reluctant to have their children identified as having Autism or identified as having a disability at all? ... and a gift from God. They feel that they have been given a challenge with their child with Autism and they are to use the "challenge " to become a better person, (Hernandez, D. J., et. al., 2009). A...

• Word Count: 3056
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... children are at greater risk for emotional and behavioral disorders and negative psychosocial conditions such as poverty, family and community violence, substance abuse, and substandard living conditions (Morris, et al., 2001). Additionally, studies support that the stress of attempting to adapt to two dissimilar cultures has significant impact on overall mental health, drug abuse, suicide rates, and eating ... , suicide, truancy, etc. as high priority areas. "Persistent and pervasive social pressure to adapt or acculturate is a fact of life for most American Native children and families...

• Word Count: 2517
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... parents and lesbian adoptive mothers. Mothers are assumed to be more competent in parenting than fathers, because their female characteristics enable them to become more nurturing (Golombok et al., 2014, p.456).Therefore, critics against homosexual adoption typically doubt parenting ability of gay adoptive parents. In addition, based on observation that, in heterosexual parents headed families ... parents, homosexual adoptive parents obtained relatively low levels of depressive symptoms and parenting stress. Homosexual parents also showed lower frequency and magnitude of conflict than he...

• Word Count: 2698
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... not present "it was a rude awakening to my once-secure world. Through a series of studies, Block has proved that marital concord results in greater social competence in children (Block et. al 965). Thus, it seems essentially important for parents to understand the roots of the differences and to try to find some acceptable middle ground. Rothbaum and Dyer-Tarquino suggest to ... teaches, all too often, either the children or the marital dissonance will be marked as a "problem- when really the entire family is locked into some dysfunctional pattern of interaction (Vuchinich et. al 1293). ...

• Word Count: 3707
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... living in the United States include single parenting, lack of affordable housing, racial disparities, and the nation's high poverty rate (Bassuk, et. al, 2014). If a family cannot afford proper housing for themselves, the family may become homeless. The family may even have to live ... There are statistics that show ten to twenty-six percent of homeless preschool aged children had mental illnesses that required medical attention (Bassuk et al, 2014). Children may develop many physical health consequences. Some of these health issues may include asthma, pneumonia, and even low birth ... ...

• Word Count: 3329
• Approx Pages: 13

... children among married couples. The poverty rate among couple with two children at 8% is four times that of childless couples - "Having children dramatically increases the risks of being poor"[Fischer, et. al, 1996: Pg. 90]. The lack of provisions for children in American society is responsible for the significant expenses related to the upbringing of a child. Tax refunds for children amounted to ... $750 in 1995 for families in the 31% income bracket and dropped sharply to zero for poorer families. [Inequality by Design, Fisher , et. al, 1996: Pg. 143,]. According to a 1995 USDA study,...

• Word Count: 2593
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the developmental aspect of the family in the movie. Erickson's psychosocial theory is a stage-oriented theory that states that society influences the personality, which develops through a series of crises (Papalia et al., 2001). When applying this theory to the characters in the movie, John is probably in the intimacy versus isolation stage. He does not want to be alone for the rest ... processes of regular, active, and two-way interactions between a person and his environment. The way the person interacts or neglects to interact shapes the way he perceives his surroundings (Papalia et...

• Word Count: 2741
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... be correct there are other critiques of this methodology. Firstly, one criticism of oral history is that it really relies on the subject's memory for a valid description of events. Davis et al (1977, p5) indicates that we should criticise and raise questions of how authentic and worthy an elderly person's remembrance of past history should be. This suggestion would put some doubts ... ...

• Word Count: 3332
• Approx Pages: 13