1. the real sicence
... the serious problems in Chinese mathematics was the absence of rigorous proof. Chinese scientists lacked a standard of logical proof provided by Aristotelian logical and they had no system of deductive geometry. They also lacked trigonometry, an essential tool for mathematical astronomy. As a result, the Chinese were forced to employ Arabic astronomers from 13th century onwards" (Bekar,carlaw and lipsey) ... In Personally, despite the very well-developed state of Chinese technology, abstract mathematics was extremely weak - geometry was fragmented and ad-hoc, arithmetics was there but a...
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