... these was built in the city of Pompeii, located 140 miles South East of Rome. It was 445 feet long by 341 feet wide and sat 20,000 people - Pompeii's entire population. To support the weight of the tiers, the arena floor was constructed below ground level. Thefazade of ... the arena utilized high brick arches and several large exterior staircases. Vendors sold refreshments in the stands while spectators sat on cushions and watched the games. A velarium was even erected and used on occasion to shade the audience. Rome was outmoded; it did not ... to build a colossal amphitheater in its ...

• Word Count: 2911
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... many of their building philosophies; however, they built like no other society before them. Their methods incorporated efficiency and sophistication to construct a whole new look. So with the rise of the Romans and the everlasting hail of Caesar after Caesar and Emperor after Emperor, Roman architecture expanded and ... the Mediterranean Sea. The increase in trade brought newfound wealth to Rome and the city began to sprout up with all kinds of new monuments. Each leader and emperor constructed his own forum and countless monumental arches were erected. Though some masterpieces were cons...

• Word Count: 3118
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... the summer of 2002, my four friends and I planned to take a seven day trip to Europe. Most of Europe lies in latitudes more northerly than New York, due to which it has warm, Atlantic currents with moderate temperature. The Alps can be used as a rough dividing line for the continents climate. ... Europe and attached in the north to the European mainland. In a century marked by immense political unrest, public debate between the classes, and resurgence in new forms of art and culture, citizens are taking part in Caesar's grand Roman tradition. Political fights have moved from the rostra to...

• Word Count: 2516
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... many of their building philosophies; however, they built like no other society before them. Their methods incorporated efficiency and sophistication to construct a whole new look. So with the rise of the Romans and the everlasting hail of Caesar after Caesar and Emperor after Emperor, Roman architecture expanded and ... the Mediterranean Sea. The increase in trade brought newfound wealth to Rome and the city began to sprout up with all kinds of new monuments. Each leader and emperor constructed his own forum and countless monumental arches were erected. Though some masterpieces were cons...

• Word Count: 3188
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... an all-powerful being in our minds. Carl Jung best describes why this all-powerful being has taken a feminine form in many cultures, old and new. Most ancient societies were male-dominated, and patriarchal, which Jung calls animus. Women in these societies were often seen as care-givers and givers ... hail) were falling from the sky in Greece, resulting in a near frenzy for the people of faith. For the Romans, it was the beginning of a new era. The Senate was still in charge, but the Sibylline books (books of the priestesses of Apollo, associated with prophecy) were dominate over them (Z...

• Word Count: 3703
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... of lands to the pope, but he refused so Charlemagne subdued, or subjugated his kingdom and restored the Papal States. He was very organized in his military incursions. He often sat by the hearth and planned out every move in advance. This was a precedent to Napoleon who studied his tactics. In 778 he led his army into Spain to battle the ... infidel Sarcens. In 800 Pope Leo crowned Charlemagne the new Roman emperor which sanctified the kingdom. Charlemagne was the first emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. He worked to strengthen the empire. He had local officials called counts to help ......

• Word Count: 592
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

... large scale mass production. Engineers traveled with their armies building roads and bridges. In fact, a knowledge of engineering was almost a requirement for advancing through the ranks. After they conquered new territory and created a new province, their engineers laid out cities to a standard plan and provided them with excellent roads and a clean water supply. Once Ancient Rome became a dominating world power, a revolution in ... having it built. Later, the name "Colosseum" was adopted, perhaps because it stood near the enormous gilt bronze statute that was placed in the entrance of...

• Word Count: 1894
• Approx Pages: 8

... have been passed through generations and to different cultures since the beginning of time. From the start, people have been able to put their minds together to come up with new and easier ways to do daily activities. These brilliant and determined minds brought forth everything from better technology, faster and more efficient food production and it all eventually led up ... desire to rule with their advanced ways of life. The Greeks, especially those in Athens, dominated the Mediterranean region. They consisted of many great minds that cultivated a time in which new ideas and inventio...

• Word Count: 993
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... officials to help. They elected eight praetors, or court judges, four aediles, whomanaged public streets and buildings, two censores, who took censuses, admitted new senators and collected taxes, and twenty five quaestores, or financial officers. In 450 BC, the Plebs demanded that the laws of Rome be written ... . In 390 BC, raiders from Gaul invaded the city. Some of the Senators stayed in the city. Livy tells what happened: "[The Senators sat]...without fear or concern.... The Gauls, for a great while, stood wondering at the strangeness of the sight, not daring to approach of touch the...

• Word Count: 4232
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... and only broke up upon the death of it's head. When this happened, the family would split up according to the other male powers, and there may be as many new familae as there were men with families in the household. Each Roman family had slightly different customs and rules, due to the fact that the head of the family had ... all brides a grooms. The bride would say "Quando tu Gaius, ego Gaia"(When and where you are Gaius, I then and there am Gaia.) After these words of consent, the couple sat on stools, facing the alter and made an offering to the god Jupiter, which usually consisted o...

• Word Count: 1532
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... two powers, since each empire wanted to be able to impose a king that was favorable to Armenia's interests. With Antoninus's death and the uncertainty upon and new emperor (in this case two, a diarchy, for the first time in Rome's history), the Parthian monarch, Vologaeses III, struck rapidly, placed his own candidate ... army's movement eastward was a lot like the movements of Alexander the Great five centuries earlier. By 166 A.D., Parthia had been defeated and a Roman nominee sat on the Armenian throne. The victory appeared to be the greatest since Trajan's conquest of Dacia, but, whe...

• Word Count: 2288
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

... built a temple in Rome, the Temple of Venus and Roma. It had many Greek features, like the fact that it sat on a platform with steps leading up to the entrance; a very Greek idea. Hadrian loved Athens, he renovated numerous buildings, built some new ones, and constructed his arch there. He finished the Temple of Olympian Zeus in Athens and built a large library ... ...

• Word Count: 471
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School