... 's) definition of economics, and virtually every individual in this country consumes these services. Congress had a rational basis for concluding that the minimum coverage provision is essential to the Affordable Care Act's larger reforms to the national markets in health care delivery and health insurance" (Biskupic). Judge Jeffrey Sutton, an appointee of President George W. Bush and a former law clerk to conservative Supreme ... . Twenty-six states bound together to bring one case against the mandate. Most legal experts and other litigants involved in healthcare lawsuits predict that th...

• Word Count: 773
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... rights found in the Bill of Rights, that include the First, Third, Fourth, Ninth, and Fourteenth Amendments. The Amendments are rights of ours that should be carried out by equal protection right and due process of the Fourteenth Amendment. A Nebraska federal judge questioned the law's constitutionality and even issued a limited temporary restraining order against it. The U.S. District Judge Richard Kopf said ... do something with their own body, they have the right to since it is their body and not the government's body. So with the signing of the Partial Birth Abortion Act it definite...

• Word Count: 352
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: High School

... in question, the material is either used by the agency or is destroyed. Probably the biggest battle yet over the first amendment rights so far has been the Communications Decency Act or CDA. In March 1995 Senator Jim Exon introduces legislation to criminalize online publication of any material deemed "obscene, lascivious, filthy or indecent." This legislation was attached to a larger and ... too vague. With that loss, proponents of the CDA have vowed to bring new legislation. Another Bill that Was introduced into legislation is the Child Online Protection Act or COPA. In March of 1998, ...

• Word Count: 1060
• Approx Pages: 4

... in question, the material is either used by the agency or is destroyed. Probably the biggest battle yet over the first amendment rights so far has been the Communications Decency Act or CDA. In March 1995 Senator Jim Exon introduces legislation to criminalize online publication of any material deemed "obscene, lascivious, filthy or indecent." This legislation was attached to a larger and ... too vague. With that loss, proponents of the CDA have vowed to bring new legislation. Another Bill that was introduced into legislation is the Child Online Protection Act or COPA. In March of 1998, ...

• Word Count: 1060
• Approx Pages: 4

... question was whether flag burning was a form of freedom of speech. Eichman and a group of people burned several flags; some on the capital steps and some in Seattle. The Flag Protection Act of 1989 says "anyone who knowingly mutilates, defaces, physically defiles, burns, maintains on the floor or the ground, or tramples upon a United States flag can be prosecuted." Flag burning is ... speech and flag burning is part of free speech. This can be proven in the 1st Amendment, The Flag Protection Act, and the fact that the flag does not loose its symbolism when it is burned. The United State...

• Word Count: 546
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

... President, Congress, a national, state, or local administrative official, a state legislature, a local governing board, or a lower court is valid. The Court does not judge whether an act is wise or foolish, but whether it is constitutional or unconstitutional, whether it is permitted or null and void. The U.S. Constitution prescribes the legitimate powers of the national government, reserves ... quot;to determine whether a classification is constitutional or not. The rational basis test is the traditional test used by the Supreme Court to determine whether a law complies with the equal p...

• Word Count: 439
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... full citizens of the United States. The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution made slavery illegal; the Fourteenth Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law; the Fifteenth Amendment forbids racial discrimination in access to voting. The 1866 Civil Rights Act guarantees every citizen "the same right to make and enforce contracts ... as is enjoyed by white citizens ... " ... color, or national origin." • In 1967, Johnson expanded the Executive Order to include affirmative action requirements to benefit women. Other equal protection laws passed to make discrimination illegal...

• Word Count: 1189
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... in the United States were citizens and it obligated the states to respect the rights of U.S. citizens and provide them with "equal protection of the law's and "due process of law."" (Amsco- Pg. 294) There was also the Reconstruction Act of 1867, which basically took a drastic step of placing the South under military occupation. Reconstruction acts increased the requirements for gaining readmission ... to the Union. Most Moderate Republicans began to realize that the voting rights of the freedmen needed federal protection, if they wanted to keep control of the White House ... in future ...

• Word Count: 793
• Approx Pages: 3

... his complexion-- and was arrested and put on trial for sitting in the "White " section of the train and violating Louisiana's Separate Car Act. Plessy went to court and argued that the Separate Car Act violated the "equal " protection of the law clause Fourteenth Amendment. In the end the Supreme Court found Plessy guilty and ruled that racial segregation was legal and it ... that "separate schools are unequal, and therefore, the fourteenth amendment was being violated " and in 1954 U.S. Supreme Court conclude that state laws requiring "separate but equal schools violated the Equal Prot...

• Word Count: 974
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography

... ; par. 1). In Brown v. Board of Education the Supreme Court overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision when it held that segregation of public schools on the basis of race violated the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution and was thus unconstitutional ("Bush v. Orleans Parish School Board" par. 3-5). The justices concluded that "in the field of public education, the doctrine ... in almost a century (9). In 1957 the U. S. Commission on Civil Rights was created and in 1960 Civil Rights Act dealing again primarily with voting was passed. Furthermore, the 14th and 15th Amendments...

• Word Count: 1150
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography

... include listening to a speech, watching a movie, reading a book or viewing a webpage, among many other things. The internet deserves protection of free speech because it is the most widely used form of mass communication we have. As US Judge Stewart Dalzell wrote in overturning the Communications Decency ... Act, "The internet may fairly be regarded as a never-ending worldwide conversation. The government may not . . . interrupt that conversation. As the most participatory form of mass speech yet developed, the internet deserves the highest protection from governmental intrusion." CNET N...

• Word Count: 592
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to become teachers. The third part says that America will be expanding programs to train teachers in specific subject areas. The fourth part suggests that America will implement the Teachers Protection Act. The fifth part says that a new teacher's tax deduction will be implemented. Lastly, the sixth part of the plan says that America will be providing expanded student loan forgiveness for ... can be accomplished, I would follow the exact same plan Bush is following right now. Bush basically has this plan covered; even down to making teaching a more beneficial job. The Teachers Protectio...

• Word Count: 722
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... the phone and the FBI never entered the booth. The Supreme Court Ruled in the favor of Katz. They stated that the Fourth Amendment allowed for the protection of a person and not just a person's property against illegal searches. The Fourth Amendment written in 1791 states, The right of the people to be secure ... protects people, not places. What a person knowingly exposes to the public, even in his own home or office, is not a subject of Fourth Amendment protection. But what he seeks to preserve as private, even in an area accessible to the public, may be constitutionally protected. Sea...

• Word Count: 1082
• Approx Pages: 4

The fourth amendment provides us with protection of privacy where we are protected from unwarranted searches of our home. The fourth amendment to the U.S. Constitution reads: "The right ... person's home. Further more the Chief Justice referred to the home where the men were guests at a "business place" and therefore the fourth amendment privacy act does indeed not apply in vicinity that is not referred to as "home". Justice Rehnguist took on loose construction when interpreting the constitution in this case ... flexible when dealing with the Constitution. Lastly, Justice Scalia, in a concu...

• Word Count: 710
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... issue. Although the highest legal body in this country has ruled on the issue the debate remains. Is physician-assisted suicide a legal and moral act in which any given person, in any specific situation should be able to partake in? I believe the answer is yes, and it is why ... cases of Washington v. Glucksberg and Quill v. Vacco differently. The first argument for those in favor of phyisican-assisted suicide is that of equal protection. The Supreme Court ruled in the Cruzan case that any competent individual could refuse life saving medical treatment. In my opinion there is absolutely ....

• Word Count: 908
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the phone and the FBI never entered the booth. The Supreme Court ruled in the favor of Katz. They stated that the Fourth Amendment allowed for the protection of a person and not just a person's property against illegal searches. The Fourth Amendment written in 1791 states, The right of the people to be secure ... protects people, not places". What a person knowingly exposes to the public, even in his own home or office, is not a subject of Fourth Amendment protection. But what he seeks to preserve as private, even in an area accessible to the public, may be constitutionally protected... ...

• Word Count: 1079
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... allowed in the state. However, that state discrimination was unconstitutional in the case Lawrence vs. Texas. The courts said that part of the due process of the 14th amendment stated protection of the legal rights of a person. This had a huge impact in the LGBT (lesbians, gay, bi-sexual, transgender) community. However, another federal law pertaining to the LGBT community contracted their ... rights. The defense of marriage act (DOMA) states that states did not have to recognize same-sex marriage, thus didn't have to be legal. The controversy over same-sex marriage had been a huge civi...

• Word Count: 1024
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... in college, and they realized that what was being done was unfair. High school students had begun to talk and begun to plan their walkouts. They had many reasons to act; they were unfairly judged and taught. Many children, in lower grades were being put in "Mexican schools" and would be punished for speaking Spanish. Bilingual education was a big concern that ... point in which the Supreme Court ruled that the school district had the duty of meeting linguistic needs of children, if not, it deprived the children of equal protection under The Civil Rights Act of 1964. This was the precede...

• Word Count: 1220
• Approx Pages: 5

... The State cannot deprive any person of life, liberty or property, without due process of law; nor deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. The group believes that a terminally ill patient has the Constitutional right to decide whether or not to end his or her ... life with the aid of a doctor. Senior Judge S. Joseph Davis, brought in from Seminole County, found that Florida's strict privacy law and the equal protection clause in the U.S. Constitution entitled Hall, 35, and Dr. McIver to carry out an assisted death without fear of prosecution (Sun-Sentine...

• Word Count: 758
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... , "The Statecannot deprive any person of life, liberty or property, without due process of law; nor deny any person within itsjurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." The group believes that a terminally ill patient has the Constitutionalright to decide whether or not to end his or her life with ... life with the aid of a doctor. Senior Judge S. JosephDavis, brought in from Seminole County, "found that Florida's strict privacy law and the equal protection clause in theU.S. Constitution entitled Hall, 35, and Dr. McIver to carry out an assisted death without fear of prosecution" (Su...

• Word Count: 678
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... in college, and they realized that what was being done was unfair. High school students had begun to talk and begun to plan their walkouts. They had many reasons to act; they were unfairly judged and taught. Many children, in lower grades were being put in "Mexican schools" and would be punished for speaking Spanish. Bilingual education was a big concern that ... point in which the Supreme Court ruled that the school district had the duty of meeting linguistic needs of children, if not, it deprived the children of equal protection under The Civil Rights Act of 1964. This was the precede...

• Word Count: 1220
• Approx Pages: 5

... , "The Statecannot deprive any person of life, liberty or property, without due process of law; nor deny any person within itsjurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." The group believes that a terminally ill patient has the Constitutionalright to decide whether or not to end his or her life with ... life with the aid of a doctor. Senior Judge S. JosephDavis, brought in from Seminole County, "found that Florida's strict privacy law and the equal protection clause in theU.S. Constitution entitled Hall, 35, and Dr. McIver to carry out an assisted death without fear of prosecution" (Su...

• Word Count: 678
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... by congress. This amendment imposed a $100,000 fine or a 2-year jail term on anyone who used the Internet to annoy, abuse, threaten or harass anyone else. Pro-censors believed the act to be necessary in order to extend the standards of decency to the new telecommunications device. Anti-censors thought the amendment was acting like the "thought police." Recently though the ... Supreme Court overturned the Communications Decency Act in the civil case of Reno v. ACLU. This new law states that the Internet deserves the same level of speech protection as books or other printed material. Even...

• Word Count: 657
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... marriage as being "between a man and a woman."" Not only does this defy the 14th amendment, but it also sets a precedent making homosexuals second class citizens. Those in favor of a "marriage protection- amendment will use tradition and morality as foundation for their arguments. However, the United States itself was founded on a break from tradition, and the Constitution was written to protect rights ... the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protectio...

• Word Count: 831
• Approx Pages: 3

... marriage as being "between a man and a woman."" Not only does this defy the 14th amendment, but it also sets a precedent making homosexuals second class citizens. Those in favor of a "marriage protection- amendment will use tradition and morality as foundation for their arguments. However, the United States itself was founded on a break from tradition, and the Constitution was written to protect rights ... the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protectio...

• Word Count: 831
• Approx Pages: 3