... role of the judge is taken for granted by many people who view their role as an administrative one. Judges, especially those of the Supreme and High Courts are under extreme pressure and do not just decide cases in a machine like fashion- by reading and administering precedents. What is it that Judges ... more complicating was the fact that it emerge details of personal information could be accessed by anyone and it was legal. To keep up with the times high court judges then created the then new privacy act. 1988. The privacy act was a new law, roughly based on its predecessor. It was ...

• Word Count: 877
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... changes in Canada over time. Some of the significant events that are believed to have contributed to the changes in Canada are The Battle of Vimy Ridge, The Statute of Westminster, and The Immigration Boom. Therefore, these events are significant because the helped shape the country we live in today. We have our own independent government. We have a country full of ... the national stage. This act confirmed Canada's independence fully. Additionally, this also gave Canada the ability to be involved in foreign affairs. Furthermore, The Statute of Westminster allowed Canada to make laws. T...

• Word Count: 883
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... Have Full Political And Democratic Power having his hand in all goings on in the government(judicial legislative executive etc).This will most likely include the changing of our current westminster system of government to the American Style,this cannot be achieved through ammendments to the current constitution and will mean drafting of a whole new constitution. The Second includes a president with ... basically the same powers as the current govenor general with probably a different emphasis on how the president is placed in office(elections etc).This system will use the westminster sy...

• Word Count: 991
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... House which creates a strong system of checks and balances in the legislative arm of government. Australia has a responsible system of government, which is a modified version of the conventions in British Westminster system. The two long standing major political parties (Liberal and Labour) have helped the stability of the constitutional system and the numerous minor parties have kept pressure on the major ... (18+) Australian citizen to vote in a secret ballot to determine the members of parliament and the government which is the party who receives the most in the Lower House. The High...

• Word Count: 1067
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Hickie was aware of our club's impending centenary celebrations. However, Mr. Hickie went on to inform our coach that we were celebrating 17 years too late. This minor hiccup in the organisation of the celebrations didn't really matter and our club became aware that it in fact ... quickly. By 1986 the local competition had also joined the regional Central West competition, just like the Senior division. Competition started with the Under 17's but by the next year competition was also available for the Under 13's and 15's with the central west and a local competition was ... the Austra...

• Word Count: 1124
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... than $800 annually for child support -- that is less than $16 a week. Less than one-third of teens who have children before age 18 ever get their high school diploma. About 4 in 10 girls in the United States will become pregnant at least once before the age of 20 -- almost 1 million a year. In a ... single time you have sex, but no contraceptive method is 100 percent effective except abstinence. Not everyone is doing it. Recent data show that about half of high school students report having had sexual intercourse while half report that they are virgins. • A quarter of sexually active t...

• Word Count: 1077
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... , 2 of which have only recently been included. This suggests that the number of participants have decreased drastically as each team contains a minimum of 17, that is, the sport has lost approximately 68 players (based on 4 teams lost at 17 players a team). Not only is the decline in participants frustrated a potential of increasing the sports expansion levels, it has also meant a restriction in ... reduced numbers of teenagers and women participating in sports in general which would evidently affect rugby league seeing as it is highly physical. Injuries Rugby League is seen to be a high...

• Word Count: 1201
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... of passage for both Aboriginal and African youths especially for those of the male gender. According to Creativeinfo's report "Aboriginal prison rates", "half of the 10- to 17-year-olds in jails are Aboriginal. More than 30% of all Australian Aboriginal males come before Corrective Services and 91% of all Aboriginal prisoners are male". This brought to ... for everyone to be aware of the issue as this was really serious when it came to the health of everyone. This segment also led me to think back to high school where I learnt that the Indigenous people had a lower life expectancy compa...

• Word Count: 875
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... people lived and which provided a stable order of society remarkably free of the vagaries of personal whim or influence." Blackburn, J decision in Miliripum v Nabalco (The Gove Land Rights Case)(1970) 17 FLR 141 In the Mabo case, the court acknowledged that the Meriam tribe living on the Murray Islands owned that land. It allowed the Aborigines to use, enjoy and occupy ... the land. "In terms of civil law, the High Court appears to acknowledge that indigenous customary law can and does co-exist with Australian common law." (Heinemann, 2000:234) This decision was an acknowledgement of Ab...

• Word Count: 1027
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... recently Indonesia has announced further cuts. China likewise has continued to reduce its average tariff. A just announced further round of tariff cuts will bring China's rate down from 23 to 17 per cent, with a target rate of 15 per cent by the year 2000. Japan 18.5%, US 9.6%, South Korea 8.3%, China 6.9%, New Zealand 6.5%, UK 4.7%, Singapore 4.1%, Taiwan 4% (2002) It should be said that ... whether past approaches to business will deliver new investments and economic growth. In 2000, foreign investment inflows to the key East Asian economies, apart from China and Japan, declined by 17...

• Word Count: 472
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... given a billion dollar package in aid. A number of countries are offering logistical support in the form of chemical warfare suits. An ultimatum by America and Britain giving Saddaam until March 17 to come clean on his banned weapons or face war, was flatly rejected by the Security Council. Unless the US succeeds in there diplomatic quest to change world opinion in ... back fighting forces, may have to fight a war without UN approval. The US, Britain and Spain challenged the Security Council to authorize war if Iraq did not disarm by March 17. If this resolution was adopted conflict wou...

• Word Count: 1047
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... to a greater desire for the reunification of Christians. Shrines acknowledge that the splits were wrong as it is the opposite to what Jesus intended "all be one" John 17:21 and recognise that all denominations contributed. The Catholic Church has played a significant role in the Ecumenism movement since 1965 with the Australia Act of 1986 and the Republic Referendum ... ...

• Word Count: 953
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Werriwa (1952) Whitlam also stood for the federal seat of Werriwa at a by-election in November 1952.Whitlam won the seat with a record breaking margin of 34 per cent. On 17 February 1953 Whitlam became a member of Australia's 20th parliament. In 1955 the Labor party split ,the non-communist dividend became the Democratic Labor Party The western section, covering the Sydney ... ...

• Word Count: 525
• Approx Pages: 2

... Australia, thus Australia gain the foreign exchange earnings and contribution to the balance of payments (Dickman, 1989; Hall, 1995; Richardson, 1995: 68-69). Export income from tourism reached at about $17.1 billion, accounting for almost 11.2 % of all Australian Export earnings in 2000 (Tourism Satellite Account, http://www.atc.net.au/research.asp?art=2221, [12 Aug 2002]). Moreover, the tourism ... ...

• Word Count: 984
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... afternoon by 21 bombers. The two raids killed at least 243 people and between 300 and 400 people were wounded. However, the Australian government released to the public that only 17 people had been killed in the attacks to keep up the nation's morale. Darwin's population, believing that a Japanese invasion was imminent, evacuated the city and began to move south to ... ...

• Word Count: 647
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ) Feminism, a political and social movement to empower women to take control over their lives and situations, achieve economic independence, experience freedom and access higher education is supported by Sarantako's (1996, p. 17) by adding "The set of beliefs in the entitlement of women to emancipation, and the political and social movement which seeks to ensure the achievement of that aim". This movement ... ...

• Word Count: 1029
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Australia, thus Australia gain the foreign exchange earnings and contribution to the balance of payments (Dickman, 1989; Hall, 1995; Richardson, 1995: 68-69). Export income from tourism reached at about $17.1 billion, accounting for almost 11.2 % of all Australian Export earnings in 2000 (Tourism Satellite Account, http://www.atc.net.au/research.asp?art=2221, [12 Aug 2002]). Moreover, the tourism ... ...

• Word Count: 1102
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... invaded by a fleet of just over 1000 convicts and soldiers form Great Britain. From this day Australia was built up as a Multicultural society and now has a population of just over 17 million people with 20% of people living in Australia were born in another country. Today the aboriginal population is less than 1.5% with over half being under the age of 25 ... ...

• Word Count: 749
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography

... university graduates. The discrepancy was about $2500 and it does not improve as the graduates follow their career paths. The article quotes " females who graduated in 1985 were earning about 17 per cent less than men within five years. Change has occurred the Industrial Arbitration Amendment Act 1958 ruled that where applicable, equal pay was to be phased in by 1963 ... ...

• Word Count: 720
• Approx Pages: 3

... the east of Arnhem Land. There were also inter-cultural exchanges between the Aboriginal communities and the Makassar. In 1867, the Dutch Governor-General in Makassar noted that there were 17 Aborigines in Makassar, which had returned with the Muslim fishing fleets. These early Muslim traders were among the first visitors to establish an economic enterprise, Unlike later European settlement, Makassan ... ...

• Word Count: 679
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... services at its heart. Over the last 10 years, the market capitalisation share of finance and insurance companies listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) has more than doubled from 17.9 per cent to 36.7 per cent, overtaking the traditional sectors of resources and manufacturing. Financial Services share of total services on the ASX now amounts to approximately 65 per cent ... ...

• Word Count: 398
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... -Indigenous deaths in police custody compared to last decade. (Trend for number of occasions of police custody has been downward at the national level. eg down between 1992 and 1995 17.6% and 7.3% for non-Aboriginal and Aboriginal people respectively.) There also has been a significant increase in Indigenous and non-Indigenous deaths in prison proportionate to the increase in the prison population ... ...

• Word Count: 1133
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... other to set up the Sisters of Saint Joseph in 1866, which was australias first religious order. They planned to help educate poor children in remote areas and soon had 17 schools in operation. 5 years later, Bishop Sheil decided to take control of the sisters work. When Mary refused to do so, she was excommunicated from the church. However the year ... ...

• Word Count: 345
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: High School

... the work place there was a lack of safety standards causing accidental deaths and disability to the mainly male workers. For women there were high deaths rates associated with childbirth and for children through of lack immunisations and good hygiene high deaths rates from infections Now we have a greater understanding of the importance of good hygiene, we have clean water supplies and effective ... overdoses. Fast driving associated with alcohol has lead to an epidemic of motor vehicle accidents. Depression and suicide are common. The easy access to high energy high fat food has lead t...

• Word Count: 412
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... policy of multiculturalism developed in the 1970's. A Bill of Rights is urgently needed to reinforce decisions made by the Australian court system. For the High Court, whose task it is to interpret the constitution, a Bill Of Rights would act as a basic set of rules on which to form ... legal jargon. There would ideally be widespread awareness of the freedoms of the individual, giving people the confidence to stand up against discrimination. The High Court is at the top of the Australian court hierarchy and deals with matters between state parliaments, or between federal and state parli...

• Word Count: 1187
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate