... nuclear fission bombs (nuclear fission is used in atomic bombs; nuclear fusion is used in hydrogen bombs). Later, in July, Andrei Sakharov, a Soviet physicist, begins the development of the "Layer Cake" concept for the hydrogen bomb. In late August of 1949 the first Soviet atomic bomb test is exploded in Kazakhstan. This shows the progress of the Soviets in their nuclear ... . A month later, the United States successfully tested "Mike", the first hydrogen bomb at Eniwetok in the Pacific. On November 3, 1953, the first Soviet test of a thermonuclear device (Andrei Sakharov's "Layer Cake")...

• Word Count: 2288
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

... due to increased demand for such products as food, clothing, and ammunition. The government, along with the mass media, wanted to show women that they should go to work. The message they wanted to express was that by going into the workforce, you would be helping your country, and earning a living at the same time (Rosie). The campaign generated posters, pamphlets ... performing industrial tasks and using machines was as easy as daily housework: Instead of cutting the lines of a dress, this woman cuts the pattern of aircraft parts. Instead of baking a cake this woman is cooking gears to...

• Word Count: 1406
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... due to increased demand for such products as food, clothing, and ammunition. The government, along with the mass media, wanted to show women that they should go to work. The message they wanted to express was that by going into the workforce, you would be helping your country, and earning a living at the same time (Rosie). The campaign generated posters, pamphlets ... performing industrial tasks and using machines was as easy as daily housework: Instead of cutting the lines of a dress, this woman cuts the pattern of aircraft parts. Instead of baking a cake this woman is cooking gears to...

• Word Count: 1403
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... with happiness, home and love, but a fear of failure and lack of time caused women to utilize new time saving devices and foods, such as canned soups, minute rice and cake mix. The fact that women were still involved in the creation of the food was important to their identities as women. Betty Crocker's Picture Cook Book emphasized such time saving ... "photo essay" technique of instruction, which had the feel of television ads. Creating a dish became equated with creating a colorful work of art, such as a bright Jell-O mold or a beautiful Chiffon Cake. Key to 1950s consumer culture was...

• Word Count: 2184
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... while working on the show, Generation O!, Collins was inspired to write her own children's books herself. ("Suzanne Collins"). Her inspiration for Gregor the Overlander, came from Alice and Wonderland, when she was thinking about how one was more likely to fall down a manhole than a rabbit hole, and would most likely find something other than a tea party. Gregor, the protagonist ... ...

• Word Count: 1610
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... people are not able to grow and learn from their mistakes because it is now permitted. The people here have no individualism at all. Technology plays a big part in this wonderland. It has been used to prevent any type of pain by taking a pill so they so do not have to ever experience being sad or upset. So not only will ... ...

• Word Count: 2486
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... , and we did it quite well. I understand she's referring to communication styles. But just as a point of reference, how many pushy female telemarketers have you encountered? I think women take the cake on aggressiveness in that arena. The article sums it all up cleverly with saying, In general, men talk to give information or to report. They talk about things -- business, sports ... ...

• Word Count: 1452
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... the U.S. State Department finally receives the ultimatum from the Japanese; nearly an hour after the attack began. The reason that the message was delivered late was traced to the slow decoding of the message by Japanese diplomats at the embassy. The movie places a great deal of emphasis on this piece of information. One memorable scene ... the typist was twice as fast as he was and that the ultimatum was delivered one hour prior to the attack as planned. The message was sent to the Japanese embassy one-hour prior to the attack as ordered, but it took the young diplomat nearly two hours ...

• Word Count: 1709
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... in turn would switch G with T. When all the coding was done, the cipher would be unbreakable. In order for the receiving end to encode the message, they would have to know how Enigma was set up before coding. To know this information, the sending party would have to do a special coding ... at the beginning of the message. The special coding was written as follows. The first section was unencrypted and contained the sender, recipient, date, and time. After the first section ... any onlookers. They would usually start the identifier with ANX, where AN stood for "To" and X stood for a blank...

• Word Count: 1450
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... everything that reached the public in any way. Goebbels and the Propaganda Ministry realized that when everything the people heard or saw portrayed the same message, then the people would not think on their own, they would just automatically believe whatever was being portrayed to them. "When every contemporary book ... no longer to relate what they see and hear to alternative reports; they lose their judgement"(Winkler 18). Every where looked there was a Nazi message being shown somehow. "The very streets of the cities were transformed into propaganda".(Baird 43). Propaganda was used i...

• Word Count: 2387
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... . These codes and messages confirmed that war was near. Although, Japan did try to foil their decoding by issuing separate ambassadorial codes to each of her embassies. There was a radio message that announced Japanese war intentions on December 6, it was intercepted in Hawaii but never delivered to Kimmel. American radio monitors linked two carrier divisions with the Japanese battle force headed ... November 26, did President Roosevelt do nothing on the night of December 6 to assure that Admiral Kimmel and General Short were informed of the receipt of the message, which "meant war"? The...

• Word Count: 2466
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... remains to whether or not the United States government had any previous knowledge of the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. On "December 6, 1941, a message that was intercepted by the US navy is placed before Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Sent from Tokyo to a Japanese Embassy in Washington, it was encoded ... Harbor would be the most likely location for the Japanese to attack, if they were even going to attack. The morning after Roosevelt received the message, Pearl Harbor was hit by the Japanese in a surprise attack. Officials, such as Generals George C. Marshall, Leonard T. Gerow, Admirals ...

• Word Count: 1836
• Approx Pages: 7

... to the Japanese. The government knew that the bomb could have been dropped in an un-urban area, but chose against it. They wanted to send a message and make it clear to the world that the United States meant business. The next questions that arises is why was the second city of Nagasaki targeted, ... be gauged...a delay would have been relatively easy, and I think right. There was no need for the second bomb, it was used only to send a message to the Soviets. This may have been the end of WWII, but just the start of the cold war. In a cowardly attack of terrorism, the United ... and ch...

• Word Count: 1926
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... peace to the Emperor of Japan. Later that day the U.S. decoded thirteen parts of a fourteen-part message that presented the possibility of a Japanese attack. Approximately 9 a.m. on December 7,1941, the last part of the fourteen part message was decoded mentioning many ties with the United States. An hour later, a message from Japan was decoded as instructing the Japanese embassy to deliver the fourteen part ... message at 1 p.m. The U.S., received this message and sent a commercial telegraph to Pearl Harbor because radio communication had been down. At 6 a.m.(Hawaiian ... ...

• Word Count: 2389
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... on alert. On December 6, 1941, President Roosevelt made an appeal for peace to the Emperor of Japan. Not until late that day did the U.S. decode thirteen parts of a fourteen-part message that presented the possibility of a Japanese attack. Approximately 9 a.m. (Washington time) on December 7,1941, the last part of the fourteen part ... message was decoded stating ties with the United States. An hour later, a message from Japan was decoded as instructing the Japanese embassy to deliver the fourteen-part message at 1 p.m. (Washington time). The U.S., upon receiving this message sent a com...

• Word Count: 2211
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

... into the war with Admiral Oldendorf." (81) Though the directions were sent to many parties, McCormik never received his first message and didn't know why the Indy would be reporting to him. Admiral Oldendorf received the first message but didn't get the second one, so he didn't know when the Indy was reporting. Therefore, "the two people ... ship felt as if it had nearly been cut in half. In the meantime, radio station #2 was using improvised light signals to get out the Indy's SOS message. The two boys commanding it were almost certain that the messages got out. It was now 12:11 and a...

• Word Count: 1873
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... not realising that Japan were serious and that they were going to kill thousands of people. There was reason to believe that when the US Army in Washington got the message,they did not believe Japan would bomb Pearl Harbor because the US did not believe Japan had sufficient aircrafts or bombs to match theirs. They also believed that since Japan ... them. However on December 7th, 1941 at roughly 1:30 am,the US Army base in Washington decoded a message from Japan which implied war. The US Army did not fully recognize the consequences behind the message at the time. The US army sent a last...

• Word Count: 2123
• Approx Pages: 8

... relation to the pending war. Whether it was to help conceal his plans, or fear, Mussolini's refusal to answer Hitler's several requests for a meeting was a mistake. A bigger mistake, however, was a message he sent to Hitler through secret communication which verified that Italy was "one hundred per cent ready- to back Germany if they felt the war was necessary that very day ... . After that message, there was no stopping Hitler. Mussolini now realized that the message sent too strong of a message to start the war, and frantically tried to repair the damage. He sent Ciano to Germany to ex...

• Word Count: 2168
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... was determined to meet him. The two poets became friends and wrote powerful poetry together about the harsh reality of war. Both Owen and Sassoon wrote their poems with one message and one purpose in mind. The purpose being to bring home the truth of the war to show civilians exactly what happened in those lice ridden, muddy trenches and to ... show them that Jessie Pope was completely wrong. The message of their poems being that war is no game with marching, clean uniformed soldiers, glory and dignity, that war is not something to do if you want to impress people ... due to his loss of...

• Word Count: 1295
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... anxiety stifled dissent in Cold War America through the politics of film. Communism crept into facets of culture such as entertainment and quickly spread its message, of demonising communism. The American cinema was never associated with "Red" propaganda but this was questioned when three pro-Russian movies were released. ... sin, crime and immorality". (Whitfield 1991:77). Messages stated that the world was divided into two camps, echoed through out states, sounding the message to choose either judgement or revival. "The world is divided into two camps! On the one side we see communism w...

• Word Count: 1649
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography

... a stand against bigotry by drawing pictures that made the viewer stop and examine his feelings towards African Americans. In the picture New Kids from the Block (Finch) Rockwell expresses the message that all children are alike. The artist portrays two young African American children moving into a predominantly white neighborhood. The two African American children, a young boy and his younger sister ... Act. He paints normal scenes such as moving into a new house and walking to school to communicate his anti-bigotry views. As seen in many of his paintings, Rockwell's fundamental message ...

• Word Count: 1928
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ratification. Truman issued the Potsdam Declaration, which called for Japan's unconditional surrender and listed peace terms. It was while Truman was at Potsdam that he received a most unusual message. 'Babies satisfactorily born,' the coded message read. Those three words spelled the beginning of the Atomic age. Now a weapon, more devastating than any other in history, was available for use against the Japanese ... many other areas. Truman requested a law to strengthen the Department of Labor, establish a labor-management relation's commission, and end jurisdictional and secondary stri...

• Word Count: 2183
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

Comical in style and language, the message that Catch-22 introduces to its reader is one of a grim world's decay. Heller's fictional story portrays absurd characters and situations, but the underlying theme of human decadence is clearly ... . Cathcart views the soldiers as mere stepping stones along his path towards fame, all serving a soul purpose to advance him in the military world. Comical in style and language, the message that Catch-22 introduces to its reader is one of a grim world's decay. Heller's fictional story portrays absurd characters and situations, but the underlying theme of ...

• Word Count: 1459
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... troops marched to Nanking with a lust for revenge. Before they entered the city, the Japanese troops were given a secret message that contained the orders "Secret, to be destroyed" and "KILL ALL CAPTIVES". The Prince of Japan, Prince Asaka Yasuhiko, sealed this message and gave royal credence to the slaughter of many Chinese. The slaughtering of the Chinese coincided with the predominant Japanese ... . But his health did not allow him to foresee the entire takeover. Suffering from tuberculosis, the power shifter to Asaka to takeover Nanking. It was Asaka's royal seal that the message to ...

• Word Count: 1855
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... then said that the John Birch Society needed to support people in the media who were anti-Communist like Fulton Lewis in Springfield, Massachusetts. By promoting these broadcasters, their positive message will be heard by more Americans (Welch 79). The Communists said they could write 50,000 letters to Washington, DC in seventy-two hours. Welch said if they spread their ... Communists, how it was spreading, and why Communism is the antichrist (Welch 98). The John Birch Society was not interested in keeping their message within the United States. Welch spoke of a need to go international...

• Word Count: 2226
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School