... devised by the previous coalition government and influenced by the Beveridge Report had anything prior been done to alleviate poverty. This Act offered comprehensive cover for everyone in the event of sickness, unemployment and maternity. The National Assistance Act (1948) effectively ended the Poor Law. This provided a safety net for those whose circumstances did not meet the National Insurance Act's quota ... colossal. Over 450,000 homes were destroyed by direct bombing and over four million homes were damaged (Malpass 2005, p44). The housing problem was further worsened by the baby b...

• Word Count: 1879
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography

... 000 arriving by parachute and glider. The invasion also involved a long-range deception plan on a scale the world had never before seen and the clandestine operations of tens of thousands of Allied resistance fighters in Nazi-occupied countries of western Europe. American General Dwight D. Eisenhower was named supreme commander for the allies in Europe. British General, Sir Frederick Morgan, established a combined American-British ... Fortitude, a fictitious American force-the 1st Army Group-assembled just across the Channel from the Pas de Calais. Dummy troops, false radio traffic, dum...

• Word Count: 1264
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... called the Turtle. Cross, Horton and Middleton describe Bushnell's vessel as essentially a cross between an egg and a clam. It was constructed of wood planks bound by metal straps, similar to how wooden barrels were made. The seams were chalked and tarred to prevent the water from ... abandoned and the Turtle never saw action again. Bushnell's failure set the stage for the submarine as a warship for the future. With the development of periscopes and self-propelled torpedoes, submarines would become a formidable factor in naval warfare. Their effectiveness as a deadly weapon was first sho...

• Word Count: 1988
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... miles throughout the next eleven days. A few key U.S. defensive stands held Hitler's armies up and ultimately allowed reinforcements to come. One of these was the battle of St. Vith. There the U.S. Seventh Armored and 106th Infantry divisions fought off the German advance and forced the attacks to take a ... Air Force, as well as German supply lines, production plants, and industrial centers. These Allied Air Forces could launch an attack in a matter of hours or minutes sometimes to attack armored units, fuel dumps, or supply lines with great accuracy, crippling any German vehicles relia...

• Word Count: 2473
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Allied Air forces from being effective. On December 6, eight German armored divisions and thirteen German infantry divisions launched an attack on five divisions of the United States army. The Germans first bombarded the Allies with artillery. The 5th and 6th Panzer armies broke into the Ardennes through ... was successful in halting the German advance and this caused the Germans to take a detour. This slowed the Germans down and altered the timing of the attack plan. Bastogne was a strategic position that both the Germans and Americans wanted to occupy, this lead to a race between the Am...

• Word Count: 2351
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... the investigations. The Serbs were given forty eight hours in which to reply. While the Serbs were deliberating over the ultimatum, members of the German government were advocating swift military action against Serbia in the hope that it would discourage Russia from supporting the Serbs. They ... their forces. It was a day before that the British government had become decidedly worried about the whole situation developing in Europe. The implications of war between at least four large, powerful countries had dire possibilities. Sir Edward Grey, the Foreign Secretary, therefore attempted t...

• Word Count: 1280
• Approx Pages: 5

... , while fighting a defensive/containment war in the Pacific. Our national "instinct" was to immediately fight on the European continent, while the British, our principal ally in Europe, preferred a policy of peripheral containment, working first to clear the Mediterranean before moving onto the continent. The American leadership, both President Roosevelt and the military, understood the need for American involvement in the ... in his own environment. An American victory in Guadalcanal would put the Japanese on the defensive; they would no longer be able to mount an effective offensive ope...

• Word Count: 2341
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... was signed by Germany, even though they considered the Versailles treaty as unfair or a "diktat". The US, however refused to ratify the treaty. The importance of the Versailles treaty was basically that it involved the League of Nations as a peace keeping committee. For example, as it was agreed that the Saar basin (a coal mining area) was to be granted to France for ... , which resulted in a public discontent, especially in Britain, where Hoare was forced to resign. As a result of the Hoare-Lav al Plan the Council of the League of Nations abandoned the sanctions. The significance of thi...

• Word Count: 1920
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Great Britain, and France, were President Woodrow Wilson, Prime Minister David Lloyd George, and Premier George Clemenceau, respectively. The Allies hoped that writing a peace agreement would be a quick and easy process; however, once the process of writing the treaty started, the Allies found that they had many conflicting ideas and motives. When World War I began in August, 1914, the ... Maynard Keynes, a British economist living at the time of the treaty, stated: The policy of reducing Germany to servitude for a generation, of degrading the lives of millions of human beings, and of d...

• Word Count: 2359
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography

... know that everything was going to be okay. These events had a big influence in his writing style and his works, because they all had a theme of hope in them (Williams). Steinbeck published 27 books (Harmon). His early books were, The Pearl, Tortilla Flat, and Sea of Cortez. All of these books were about early experiences in his life, like him working as a manual laborer ... last classic that Steinbeck wrote was East of Eden. Which follows the stories of how friendships are made between two families and friendships are an ideal aspect of life and they should not be taken for granted (Hin...

• Word Count: 1462
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... party. Gregor, the protagonist, is only eleven years old, and his younger sister Boots is only two when they find themselves in this war situation. Given that Collins has two of her own children, she is faced with the difficult task of writing about children in difficult situations, ... from The Underland Chronicles to The Hunger Games. "It's difficult to put kids in violent situations- Gregor is in a war, Katniss is in a gladiator game ... . Characters will die. It's not fun to write, but I think if you can't commit to really doing the idea, It's probably better to work on another type ...

• Word Count: 1610
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... . She was beaten by the Polish and Lithuanian gentry. She was beaten by the British and French capitalists. She was beaten by the Japanese barons. All beat her because of her backwardness, military backwardness, cultural backwardness, political backwardness, industrial backwardness- (Internet Site 3). If Joseph Stalin had not introduced measures to rapidly industrialise Russia before Nazi Germany invaded ... time... The plan, put into action ruthlessly, aimed at making the USSR self-sufficient" (Internet Site 5). Stalin modernised industry through a system called the Five Year Plans. Mil...

• Word Count: 1272
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... could develop an atomic device (Walker 26). So more than 100,000 scientists had been working on the bomb's development, and most of those scientists were prizewinning physicists that it made the Manhattan Project the largest collective scientific effort ever undertaken (Walker 27). On 16 July ... Almost 150,000 civilians were killed as a result of the attack of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (Walker 46). The use of the atomic bombs was unethical and immoral as it created a new meaning of total war by killing thousands of civilians, the casualty rate of civilians and soldiers is about 2,600,000-...

• Word Count: 1373
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... including a grandiose rebellion known as the Warsaw Uprising, the Nazis maintained relatively secure control of Poland until the Soviet army drove them back in the final months of the war in Europe (Keegan). The lack of success on the part of the Polish resistance forces is a direct result of the myriad of problems with their allied supporters. On 26 September 1939, twenty five days after the Germans ... invaded the Polish border, a Romanian plane hijacked by Polish forces landed near Warsaw carrying  an emissary of the Polish commander-in-chief ... were organizing and stabilizing, they...

• Word Count: 1728
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... just end to our just cause?' " I agree with Berger, because if we we're educated more, if the public were to actually know what is happening in the world around them, people would have been opposed to the atomic bombs being built. Nobody would have helped to build them, or design ... complete, and utter terroristic act. We knew that the Japanese were pretty much defeated, why make it worse then what it already is? That day, we murdered thousands of innocent lives for no reason, that we didn't need to drop the bombs because we already turned Japan into ash and defeated ... out what the b...

• Word Count: 1551
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... song came a poster (See We Can Do It!) of an attractive woman in overalls. The song began with these lyrics: While other girls attend a favorite cocktail bar, Sipping dry martinis, munching caviar; There's a girl who's really putting them to shame " Rosie is her name. All the day long, whether rain or ... shine, She's part of the assembly line, She's making history working for victory, Rosie, Rosie, Rosie, Rosie, Rosie, Rosie the riveter. The song ... and control tower operators at airports- (Zeinert, 43). Those in the medical field; nurses and doctors took on the most important and cri...

• Word Count: 1572
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... political functions. First, it makes any government less willing to oppose the prestigious state. Prestige increases foreign policy accomplishments, producing even more prestige. The second important political function of prestige is a low cost foreign policy that brings compliance by foreign governments. The political benefits bestowed on the USA and Soviets were followed by other states. GB independently developed nuclear ... after WW 2 and exploded its first bomb in 1952. British saw three political benefits from having their own nuclear weapons. Prestige. Nuclear weapons would preser...

• Word Count: 1452
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... the second time in twenty years, the struggle between Britain, France and Germany in a European conflict presented Japan with an opportunity. Germany's defeat of France and the Netherlands by mid-1940's left the latter's Far East colonies without protection. Politically too, Japan recovered. In June 1940, ... the embargo already directly threatened Japan's survival, the Japanese went ahead with landings in Indo-China in September. Unfortunately for the Japanese, the occupation of Indo-China hardened the United States position. On July 25, America froze all Japanese assets in the USA and ...

• Word Count: 1677
• Approx Pages: 7

... relief over welfare, created the WPA. Before the Project was terminated during World War II, it left permanent monuments on the landscape in the form of buildings, bridges, dams, hard-surfaced roads, airports, and schools. The National Youth Administration (NYA), under the WPA, provided part-time employment to ... students and set up technical training programs for them. The WPA also employed a wide range of talents in the Federal Theatre Project, Federal Art Project, and the Federal Writers' Project. Never before or since has our government so extensively sponsored the ... to another, ...

• Word Count: 1498
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... stirring speeches. The totalitarian state model, which was so important to the Nazi Party's grip on its people, was achieved through a mix of persuasion, motivation and discrimination. Individualism was quickly replaced by a way of life steeped in collective gestures and symbols; mass rallies, uniforms, public commemorations and in particular, the gesture synonymous with the Nazi era - the ... it was believed would contribute to the thrust of National Socialism as a whole, enhancing the vitality and all round commitment to the German cause. The Economy The economic success of the Nazi r...

• Word Count: 1333
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... War 2 British people had higher taxes and more expensive government controls than ever, so it seemed like an excellent idea to continue with the development of the welfare state. The purpose of my essay is to come to a conclusion as to how far I agree with the statement The Labour Government (1945-1951) simply completed the welfare state which was started by others'. I will ... do this by detailing all the things that the Labour Government (1945-51) did and make clear how significant other factors were in explaining the developments of the welfare ... Beveridge report, concentrating ma...

• Word Count: 1534
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... know him for today, but he was a fascinating man. Hopefully, after you read this paper, you'll have a much wider understanding of the type of man he was and what he stood for. Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born on November 30, 1874, in the Blenheim Palace in Woodstock ... stay in the palace was short lived, after his family was forced to move basically due to an affair Churchill's uncle had with the Edith, Lady of Aylesford. The family relocated in Dublin, Ireland, where Winston's father Randolph worked under Winston's grandfather, John Spencer-Churchill. After the family's move ...

• Word Count: 2087
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... book, which acknowledges and records such a horrific occurrence in human history, is the first step to make sure this part of history is not repeated. To educate those who knew nothing of the Nanking massacre is one of Iris Chang's intentions for writing the book. She does not only write the book to educate people, ... but also to pay her respect to the many victims of Nanking. She pays respect ... by acknowledging their existence and recording their history, so they will never be forgotten. Forgotten and sometimes outright denial of the Nanking massacre is the current stance for the cu...

• Word Count: 1855
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... outvoting them takes longer than out shooting them, at least the results will be guaranteed by their own Constitution! Any lawful process is slow. But sooner or later we shall have a majority - and after that Germany." After his release in 1924, Hitler had a new plan; ... , ran against Hitler for presidency and won. However, for Hitler, a legally established dictatorship was in his reach. With the help of Joseph Goebbels, who had a lot of talent for writing speeches, organizing, and dealing with propaganda, Hitler could gain even more support for entering into the office. After only meeti...

• Word Count: 2272
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

... be just that---and in 1866 in Polaski, Tennessee the Ku Klux Klan, or KKK, was formed. Whites used the formation of the KKK as a means of regaining a sense of control over a South that became characterized by blacks entering state legislatures and seeking voter enfranchisement. It can therefore be said that ... its subsequent revival in the early 1920s. The Post-Reconstruction Era The post- Civil War time period, or Reconstruction as it is commonly known, was the beginning of a new era in Southern history. The Radical Republican Congress placed the South under military rule; non-Southern...

• Word Count: 1883
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate