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We can ascertain the kind of mental operations in which it plays a dominant part as compared with the other or specific factor. And so the discovery has been made that G is dominant in such operations as reasoning, or learning Latin; whereas it plays a very small part indeed in such operation (sic) as distinguishing one tone from another.G tends to dominate according as the performance involves the perceiving of relations, or as it requires that relations seen in one situation should be transferred to another.On weighing the evidence, many of us used to say that this G appears to measure some form of mental energy. But in the first place, such a suggestion is apt to invite needless controversy. This can be avoided by saying more cautiously that G behaves as if it measured an energy. In the second place, however, there seems to be good reason for changing the concept of energy to that of "power" (which, of course, is energy or work divided by time). In this way, one can talk about mind power in much the same manner as about horsepower.G is in the normal course of events determined innately; a person can no more be trained to have it in higher degree than he can be trained to be taller". .
However Raven believed that SPM measures the abstract intelligence but Spearman himself did not considered that SPM measures any type of intelligence. According to Spearman 'g' factor consist of two type of ability 'educative' and 'reproductive' ability. This means to recognise the pattern in the darkness of confusion. Spearman is criticized for his method because correlation of intelligence can be subdivided into many other categories.
What is Abstract Intelligence? .
SPM widely used the concept of abstract intelligence thus we need to know what abstract intelligence is. It is ability to analyze information and solve problems on a complex, thought-based level is sometimes referred to as abstract reasoning.