Homo erectus is the first hominin species to have been found outside of Africa. .
Cranium B is called the Homo neanderthalensis found in Europe and Asia. They existed as early as 230,000 " 30,000 years ago. Some of Homo neanderthalensis morphological characteristics are: large brain bigger than ours, long and low skulls, and wide nose for humidifying and warming cold, dry air with no chin. Both fossil and genetic evidence indicate that Neanderthals and modern humans (Homo sapiens) evolved from a common ancestor between 500,000 and 200,000 years ago. The first fossil was found in 1908 at called La Chapelle-aux-saints in France. The second one was discovered in 1909 at La Ferrassie in southwestern France. It was the largest and most complete Neanderthal skull found. The other fossil found was discovered by Ralph Solecki in Shanidar, Iraq. It was between 45,000 and 35,000 years old. Neanderthals and modern humans belong to the same genus (Homo) and inhabited the same geographic areas in Asia, genetic evidence indicate while they may have interbred with non-African modern humans, they are separate branches of the human family tree.
Cranium C is the Australopithecus afarensis, found in East Africa, with the earliest existence in 3.9 " 3 million years ago. It was nicknamed Lucy's species. Australopithecus afarensis had both ape and human characteristics: members of this species had apelike face proportions (a flat nose, a strongly projecting lower jaw) and braincase (with a small brain, usually less than 500 cubic centimeters -- about 1/3 the size of a modern human brain), and long, strong arms with curved fingers adapted for climbing trees. They also had small canine teeth like all other early humans, and a body that stood on two legs and regularly walked upright. Their adaptations for living both in the trees and on the ground helped them survive for almost a million years as climate and environments changed.