Moreover, the movement of unification tied more in Italy itself because Italy was divided, without communication network backward in economy and local rivalry prevented a common front to develop when states were as states localism with different culture, languages, political system and interest prevented any united effort against foreign rule, for example, the position of Rome was the central position of any unifying movement
But the Pope had its own finance, army and administration which formed an individual and separate state local rivalry was marked and particularism prevented the rise of a homogeneous nationalism. As Metternich said "in Italy, states are against states, provinces against provinces, towns against towns, families against families and men against men." This was of no less significant a factor which discourage early unification.
Moreover, the movement of Risorgimento which was the awakening of Italian nationalism and an intellectual and civil revival called English tenmen, was not "pure" in any way because many lines worked at the same time her unification without coordination and unity, but on the contrary rivalry was marked the revolutionaries and the republicans feared the masses more than they feared Austria power. The lead of Mazzini was vague and he was concerned more with the government structure of Italy them with unification. He and Garibaldi had little political principle but only unification from below and under the flag of republicanism. His optimism was his main weakness because he thought that Italians, illiterate and divided could carry out the revolution from, that is, to achieve liberty before independence. As Fisher says "Mazzini was the Saint of Italian unification but he was doomed to failure because he could not foresee that the unification with Rome and the entire extinction of Austrian power in Italy could not be achieved without foreign aid".