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Jonathan Swift's satire in Gulliver's Travels

 

In Lilliput, he is comparing himself, as an enlightened thinker, to the Lilliputians, representing the unfair, crude, and bureaucratic European powers. This contrast is very outstanding and pronounced. Swift is writing Gulliver as the view of everyman, and the general will of the people, and writing the Lilliputian royalty as the hypocritical babbling politicians of Swift's day. In Chapter IV of "A Voyage to Lilliput-, a minister from the King's court gives Gulliver a brief history of the struggling factions in the immediate vicinity of Lilliput. The minister speaks of the High-heels and the Low-heels, who are two different parties in the Lilliputian government. They are similar in many ways to the High Church (Tory), and Low Church (Whig) parties in English parliament. Also the minister says that the King favors the Low-heels; very much like King George I favored the Whigs. Even more revealing is when the minister says that the heir to the throne, whose counterpart in England is the Prince of Wales, later George II, doesn't favor either party and " we can plainly discover one of his heels higher than the other, which gives him a hobble in his gait."" which is exactly like George II, who outwardly expressed he didn't favor either party (Starkman 62). Again, in the same address from the minister, he speaks of the Big-endians and Small-endians, two groups who differed in opinion on how to break their eggs. This is an obvious satire of the Protestants and Catholics. Swift even goes so far as saying "Many large volumes have been published upon this controversy: but the books of the Big-endians- (i.e. the Catholic bible) "have long been forbidden, and the whole party rendered incapable of holding employments-. This is exactly the same situation as England, with the Church of England (protestant) controlling the government positions outlined in the Test Act. It appears Gulliver is in support of the Test Act, but this makes sense since Swift is an Anglican Church official (Starkman 63).


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