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West Nile

A more recent discovery that viruses contain substantial amounts of only one type of nucleic acid, DNA or RNA, whereas all organisms contain and need much of both. Viruses can now be defined as infectious "agents" consisting of one or several molecules of RNA or DNA, usually covered by a coat made of protein. These agents are able to transmit their nucleic acid from one host cell to another. They are then able to use the host's cell enzymatic apparatus to achieve their intracellular replication by superimposing their genetic information on that of the host cell. 7.
             West Nile Virus lends itself to the classification as a positive-strand RNA virus. The ultimate size of single stranded RNA genomes is limited by the fragility of RNA and the tendency of long strands to break. For this reason West Nile Virus is limited to 10,000 to 11,000 bases in length. Along this strand, West Nile Virus has a 5" methylated cap but is not lacks a 3" terminal poly tail. This is all usually found with a virion composed of a glycoprotein of about 55 K that contains glucosamine and mannose, and an unusually small nucleocapsid protein.
             Most recently a research team at Purdue University has made a step forward in providing man with a detailed picture of this specific enemy. Utilizing advance imaging techniques and cryoelectron microscopy, the team has identified and mapped out the location of the surface proteins in the West Nile Virus particle. Since these proteins are the vehicle by which the virus first interacts with the cell, their identification and structure are fundamentally important in the understanding of how West Nile Virus works. The teams" findings show the West Nile Virus contains an icosahedral symmetry. The virus has no "visible" surface projections or spikes that are normally prominent on other envelope-containing viruses like influenza, HIV and measles.5.
             A more in-depth view of the virus structure offered a cross sectional map.


Essays Related to West Nile

1. West Nile Virus

The West Nile Virus has just recently been affecting the United States. ... West Nile virus is spread to humans by being bitten by an infected mosquito. ... The West Nile Virus is named after the West Nile region of Uganda where the virus was first isolated in 1937. ... Before 1999, however, West Nile virus had never before been found in the Americas. ... So you may be asking yourself, who is at risk for getting the West Nile Virus. ...

  • Word Count: 772
  • Approx Pages: 3
  • Grade Level: High School

2. West Nile Virus

The West Nile Virus, an arbovirus, is a member of the family Flaviviridae which consists of three genera: Flavivirus, Pestivirus, and Hepacivirus (Peterson 2001). ... While mosquitos are the chief vectors of West Nile Virus, isolations have been reported in hematophagous arthropods and some birds as well (Hubalek 2001). ... As stated above, the West Nile Virus was first isolated in a febrile woman in 1937 in Uganda, with some enzootic cases appearing in Africa, the Middle East, west Asia, and Australia (Marfin 2001). ... How the West Nile Virus spread to the United States is not known, bu...

  • Word Count: 1904
  • Approx Pages: 8
  • Grade Level: Graduate

3. West Nile Virus

West Nile Virus Although the West Nile Virus is not a commonly known virus around the public, it still affects many people around the world. ... The West Nile virus is a potentially very serious illness. ... The West Nile virus was discovered in Africa over sixty years ago. ... There is no specific treatment for the West Nile virus. ... Less than 1% of the people infected with West Nile virus develop encephalitis, and among those hospitalized with West Nile encephalitis, the case fatality rate ranges from 10% to 15%. ...

  • Word Count: 594
  • Approx Pages: 2
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

4. Disease Control and West Nile Virus

Recognized as the infamous silent disease, West Nile Virus (WNV) is depicted in the news to be a fatal disease triggering a nationwide frenzy. ... Officials of the state department conduct surveillances all the year, this entails working with hospitals, health care providers and doctors statewide to follow human West Nile infection cases as well as reminding individuals to be vigilant in avoiding being bitten by mosquitoes. ... Further stating that for the most part only the West Nile viruses that affect the Neuro-system are consistently reported, for every Neuro-invasive case there are appro...

  • Word Count: 937
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

5. West Nile

WEST NILE "It's 1937, how long have I been out for?" ... If you think you might have some West Nile flowing in your blood be careful of the fallowing. ... Other signs that could be West Nile are stiffness, muscle weakness, and stupor disorientation. ... The West Nile Virus is a virus that is carried from a mosquito. ... West Nile has spread to the United States at a rapid rate in 2000, 27 states were all found positive for West Nile from 18 states the year before. ...

  • Word Count: 627
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  • Grade Level: High School

6. West Nile Virus

The only way the mosquito gets the virus is if the mosquito bites a bird who is carrying the West Nile virus ("West Nile Virus Symptoms, History, and prevention of the West Nile Virus" 1). ... The woman who first had the West Nile virus came from the district of Uganda ("What you should know about West Nile Virus" 1). ... In 1999, the West Nile virus appeared in New York ("West Nile Fact Sheet" 1). There was no sign of the West Nile virus in the Western Hemisphere before 1999 ("Questions and Answers About West Nile Virus" 1). ... The West Nile Virus can be caught by anyone. ...

  • Word Count: 1159
  • Approx Pages: 5
  • Grade Level: High School

7. The Nile River

The Mediterranean Sea is in the north, the Sahara desert is in the west, the Sudd swamp is in the south, and the Red Sea protects the east. ... The Nile River is made up of two rivers the White Nile and the Blue Nile. The White Nile is a lot bigger then the Blue Nile. ... The Nile delta is where the Nile divides into several branches. The Nile Delta is the widest habitable area of the Nile because is the most fertile part of Egypt. ...

  • Word Count: 641
  • Approx Pages: 3
  • Grade Level: High School

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