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John F. Kennedy


Nevertheless, Joe Sr. always felt himself something of an outsider in the elite worlds of Boston, New York, and Washington, where a kind of genteel anti-Catholic and anti-Irish sentiment prevailed. Indeed, distrust of Catholics and immigrants was still a powerful force in the country at large, even by the 1940s. Joe Sr. vowed that his children would conquer such forces.
             JFK spent his earliest childhood in Brookline, where he and his brother Joe Jr. attended the prestigious Noble and Greenough Lower School, which was filled with the sons of white, Protestant families who had kept the Kennedys and Fitzgeralds out of Boston's country clubs for years. Joe Sr.'s business kept him away from home for long stretches, but he was a formidable presence in his children's lives nevertheless. He encouraged them to be ambitious, emphasizing political discussions at the dinner table (and insisting that business matters were never to be discussed) and demanding a high level of academic achievement from each of them, particularly his sons. They were to compete against one another, it was understood; but in confrontations with outsiders, they were to close ranks. Family loyalty was paramount.
             With Joe Sr.'s business ventures concentrated in New York and Hollywood, living in Boston no longer made sense, and in September 1927 the family moved to a rented mansion in Riverdale, a leafy suburb of New York City. Shortly thereafter, they shifted again, to a house in nearby Bronxville. For three years, JFK went to the Riverdale School; this was followed by a year at the Catholic Canterbury School, in New Milford, Connecticut. In the fall of 1931, he enrolled in Choate, a Connecticut boarding school dominated by the old Yankee aristocracy. An arch-conservative institution, Choate excluded Jews and barely tolerated Roman Catholics. JFK was following in his brother's footsteps--Joe Jr., athletic and popular, was a celebrity of sorts around Choate's campus.


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