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Atmospheric Structure

            
             The gaseous area surrounding the planet is divided into several concentric spherical strata (31k jpeg) separated by narrow transition zones. The upper boundary at which gases disperse into space lies at an altitude of approximately 1000 km above sea level. More than 99% of the total atmospheric mass is concentrated in the first 40 km from Earth's surface. .
             Atmospheric layers are characterized by differences in chemical composition that produce variations in temperature. .
             Troposphere .
             The troposphere (14k jpeg) is the atmospheric layer closest to the planet and contains the largest percentage of the mass of the total atmosphere. It is characterized by the density of its air and an average vertical temperature change of 6 degrees Celsius (C) per kilometer. .
             Temperature and water vapor content in the troposphere decrease rapidly with altitude. Water vapor plays a major role in regulating air temperature because it absorbs solar energy and thermal radiation from the planet's surface. The troposphere contains 99 % of the water vapor in the atmosphere. Water vapor concentrations vary with latitudinal position. They are greatest above the tropics, where they may be as high as 3 %, and decrease toward the polar regions. .
             All weather (23k jpeg) phenomena occur within the troposphere, although turbulence may extend into the lower portion of the stratosphere. Troposphere means "region of mixing" and is so named because of vigorous convective air currents within the layer. .
             The upper boundary (18k jpeg) of the layer ranges in height from 8 km in high latitudes, to 18 km above the equator. Its height also varies with the seasons; highest in the summer and lowest in the winter. A narrow zone called the tropopause separates the troposphere from the next highest layer called the stratosphere. Air temperature within the tropopause remains constant with increasing altitude. .
             Stratosphere .
             The stratosphere (22k jpeg) is the second major strata of air in the atmosphere.


Essays Related to Atmospheric Structure

1. Twin Sisters

For example, Venus has crowns, ring like structures that range from 95 to 360 miles in diameter. ... The atmospheric pressure of Venus is estimated at 1,323 pounds per square inch, which is about 90 times greater than the atmospheric pressure on Earth, which is about 14.7 pounds per square inch. Such difference in atmospheric pressure is due to the fact that Venus's atmosphere is made up primarily of carbon dioxide with small amounts of nitrogen and water vapor. ...

  • Word Count: 544
  • Approx Pages: 2
  • Grade Level: High School

2. Jupiters Red Spot

To understand the Great Red Spot one must first realize the atmospheric conditions of Jupiter itself. Jupiter is very large, so large in fact that the atmospheric pressure generated by Jupiter's large mass is 318 times that of Earth. ... This may be a contributing factor to the turbulent atmospheric conditions on Jupiter and the complexity of the Big Red Spot itself. ... "Why has the Great Red Spot remained in existence for over 300 years given the large amount of turbulent activity within the Jovian atmosphere, what is the cloud structure, composition, and temperature within the Great...

  • Word Count: 716
  • Approx Pages: 3
  • Grade Level: High School

3. Venus And Earth

For example, Venus has crowns, ring like structures that range from 95 to 360 miles in diameter. ... The atmospheric pressure of Venus is estimated at 1,323 pounds per square inch, which is about 90 times greater than the atmospheric pressure on Earth, which is about 14.7 pounds per square inch. Such difference in atmospheric pressure is due to the fact that Venus's atmosphere is made up primarily of carbon dioxide with small amounts of nitrogen and water vapor. ...

  • Word Count: 672
  • Approx Pages: 3
  • Grade Level: High School

4. Hokusai

The buildings, as well as the bridge itself, display a pale brown color to most likely characterize them as wooden structures. The various hues of blue shown in the waters and sky create an atmospheric perspective and sense of depth. ... The use of atmospheric perspective also gives the viewer a sense of depth, starting with the water and bridge in the foreground and then moving back towards the water and structures in the background. ...

  • Word Count: 1031
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Grade Level: High School

5. Mirages

They are real phenomena of atmospheric optics caused by strong ray-bending in layers with steep thermal gradients. ... (Refraction also differs for the various colours (wavelengths) of the visible spectrum and is part of the process causing many atmospheric optical phenomena including rainbows.) ... Mirages are phenomena of atmospheric refraction; so to understand mirages, you first have to understand refraction in the atmosphere. ... Each involves a particular thermal structure in the atmosphere, and a particular relative placement of the structure and the observer. ...

  • Word Count: 1866
  • Approx Pages: 7

6. Jupiter

Colorful bands, atmospheric clouds and storms describe Jupiter's weather systems. ... This light, called an aurora, is produced when high energy electrons race along the planets magnetic field and into the upper atmosphere where they stimulate atmospheric gases, causing them to glow. Auroral emissions change in structure and brightness as Jupiter rotates. ...

  • Word Count: 692
  • Approx Pages: 3
  • Grade Level: High School

7. The Hill by Edgar Lee Masters

The structure for part of "The Hill" is thought to come from classical ballads. ... The Greek Anthology, similar not only in title but also in form, is another source for Masters" structure. ... Masters also draws on the structures of conventional sonnets, as well as iambic tetrameter or pentameter. ... Even though his poetry lacks "not merely in rhetorical adornments but in the imaginative and atmospheric use of words," through his irony the people of Spoon River are able to tell their "ghostly wisdom" to the living (Dell). ... While his poetry looks simple on the surface, through the cho...

  • Word Count: 794
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8. Astronomer Tycho Brahe

Text on your display should be proofread for correct grammar, spelling, punctuation and sentence structure. ... The text has correct grammar, spelling, punctuation and sentence structure. ___ 2.) ... - this contradicted the teachings of Aristotle - Aristotle thought that comets were atmospheric phenomena ("gases burning in the atmosphere" was a common explanation among Aristotelians). ... - resulted in a number of orbital anomalies - Brahe was also the first astronomer to make corrections for atmospheric refraction - they were accurate to perhaps 2 arc minutes, and it has been show...

  • Word Count: 1036
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: High School

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