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Characterization of Unknown Organic Compounds

This is illustrated by a plot of potential energy vs. internuclear distance in figure 1 below;.
             Fluorescence is the relaxation phenomena measured in this experiment, and occurs when incident radiation is absorbed and re-emitted at a longer or less energetic wavelength. This 'shifted' re-emission typically occurs from 10-5 - 10-10 seconds after absorption occurs. Initially, electrons in the ground state are excited to a higher manifold, which is composed of several vibrational sublevels. When the vibrational levels of two elevated manifolds are close in energy, electrons can move in-between manifolds through a process known as internal conversion. Once the electron has made this transition, the electron de-energizes further through the vibrational levels of the second manifold until it reaches its lowest mode. At this point, the electron de-energizes completely to the ground state manifold and emits a photon in the process. .
             When the electron is excited initially by incident radiation, it absorbs all of the energy carried by the photon. The electron then travels from an energetically-higher manifold (labeled S2 above) through internal conversion to a lower-energy manifold (S1) and some energy is dissipated in the form of heat loss and vibrational relaxation. When the electron de-energizes through the fluorescence pathway the photon that is emitted is lower in energy than that of the incident radiation. Since energy is inversely proportional to wavelength, a lower energy emission by definition occurs at a longer wavelength.4.
             Since all bonding is governed by thermodynamic processes, analysis of this data allows for determination of the energetic structure of the molecule. .
             Experimental Methods - Standard and Sample Solutions.
             A 10ppm stock solution of riboflavin was obtained and an aliquot was allowed to equilibrate to room temperature. The10 ppm stock was used to prepare the following standard solutions by a series of dilutions in 100ml and 50ml volumetric flasks.


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