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Concussions in sports


Eighty to ninety percent of concussions resolved in short periods seven to ten days, but recovery times for children and adolescents may be longer. .
             Concussions are still evasive to those attempting to diagnose the injury because over time they evolve and they are best diagnosed by a trained health-care professional as soon as possible after the brain collides with the skull. Scott Delaney, research director of the MUHC department of emergency medicine says that "Acutely, it's generally not difficult to decide whether an athlete has a concussion. But the longer it takes before they can be assesses the more difficult it is to diagnose. " Other problems present in diagnosing concussed players are that sometimes symptoms don't set in until well after a hit. Since the damage done to the brain is more functional than structural imaging technology can't always confirm a diagnosis.
             Two of the most effective ways to test for concussions are neuropsychological (NP) assessments and objective balance assessments. CT scans and MR brain scans are almost useless in concussion evaluations, but they should be used whenever there is evidence of an intra-cerebral structural lesion. Examples of this may include prolonged disturbance of conscious state, focal neurological deficit, or worsening symptoms.
             Neuropsychological testing has proven to be very clinically valuable in concussion evaluations and continues to add useful information. NP test, test for reaction time, processing speed and memory. The test produces percentiles that tell you how well you perform compared to five-hundred people your age. It has been emphasized that NP assessments should not be the main factor of managing decisions. It should instead be used as an aid to clinical decision making process. .
             Objective balance assessments such as postural stability testing provide a useful tool for detail evaluations of the motor section of neurologic functioning, and should be considered a reliable and valid addition the process of analyzing athletes suffering from concussions, especially when symptoms or signs indicating a balance component.


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