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The Republic of Armenia - Past and Present

The Russians and Ottomans severely repressed Armenians because of these movements. Between 1894 and 1896, hundreds of thousands of Armenians were massacred by Ottoman forces, and the Russian government closed Armenian schools and seized church property until 1905 when they got tired of Armenian armed resistance.
             During World War I, the Ottoman Empire deported or massacred nearly all of the Armenians living in Anatolia due to suspicion of pro-Russian sentiments. Hundreds of thousands were exiled to Syria and forced to march at the hands of Ottoman soldiers who were not afraid to pull their triggers. By the end of the war, over 800,000 Armenian casualties resulted from these massacres, and atrocities continued into the 1920s without European or Russian intervention. Those that were able, fled to Russia, Europe and even the United States to escape the horrors caused by the Ottomans. .
             In 1918, after the fall of the Russian Empire due to the Russian Revolution, the Armenian Revolutionary Federation declared independence of a state that consisted mostly of lands held by the former Russian Empire. Armenia fought Georgia and Azerbaijan unsuccessfully for the territory of Nagorno-Karabakh and other lands inhabited by Armenian people. However the Turkish government rejected Armenian independence and tried to conquer it, but the Bolsheviks also invaded Armenia stopping the Turks from taking complete control. For a while the Bolsheviks allowed Armenia to govern itself as a socialist republic, but a year later, the Bolsheviks took complete control of Armenia along with Georgia, and Azerbaijan to create the USSR.
             The Soviet Union outlawed the Armenian Revolutionary Federation in 1923, outlawing all parties and persecuting leaders of the church. Many purges took place during Stalin's regime and Armenian nationalism was stifled until the early 1990s when the Soviet Union fell apart. Armenia declared its independence in 1991 when the Armenian Supreme Soviet declared to secede from the USSR.


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