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Overview of Skeletal Diseases


            
             A fracture in a young soft bone in which the bone bends or breaks. This type of fracture may be caused by overexertion of muscles or sudden traumatic pulling of part of the body during an accident. Although the name is deceiving, the bone is often broken and hard to find on x-rays; and it usually occurs in childhood. .
             2. Simple Fracture.
             Also called a closed fracture, when there is any type of fracture that has broken the bone into two pieces and has not broken through the skin.
             3. Compound Fracture.
             Also known as an open fracture, when the bone has broken through the skin. This kind of fracture is usually easily visible to the naked eye and immediate surgery is often required.
             4.Stress Fracture.
             A stress fracture (or transverse fracture) is a small crack or multiple cracks in a bone Stress fractures often develop from overuse, such as from high-impact sports like distance running or basketball.
             5. Four Basic Steps to Fracture Repairs.
             - Blood escapes from ruptured blood vessels and forms a hematoma. .
             - Spongy bone forms in regions close to developing blood vessels, and fibro cartilage forms in more distant regions. .
             - A bony callus replaces the fibro cartilage.
             - Osteoclasts remove excess bony tissue, restoring bone structure much like the original. .
             The time needed in bone fracture repair depends on the age, the health, diet and the type of break by the patient. The doctor will specifically say the time needed for the fracture to repair, however, this time generally falls between four to eight weeks. The purpose of the cast is to keep the broken bone hindered from movement so that it can heal properly. They also support the muscles of injured limbs to help reduce pain and swelling.
             6. Sprain.
             A sprain is a stretching or tearing of ligaments, the tough bands of tissue that connect one bone to another in your joints. The most common location for a sprain is in your ankle. A sprain occurs when you overextend or tear a ligament while severely stressing a joint.


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