Cancer of specific organs is most critical to treat. Because during the chemotherapy (it is the conventional dosage form therapy) and radiation therapy for cancer treatment the healthy cell of the body organs will affect more seriously and may be destroy completely. Several liposomes, micelles and nanoparticles are investigated for delivery of medicine at the specific organs in the body (Barnabas Wilson, 2012). In the present paper targeted drug delivery at specific organs such as liver, breast and prostate gland was investigated. It is hypothesized that nanoparticle having more target specific effect, drug loading capacity and sensitivity for tumor (cancer) cell than the conventional drug therapy. The following literature review attempt to demonstrate and support the hypothesis.
Firstly, in a research paper by Lisa Brannon peppas a question were addressed for guiding the study. First question was about the targeted nanoparticles, significant expression was found in the tumor(4ng per g tissue) and no expression was found in the tumor of liver, lung and heart. Perhaps most significantly, no gene expression was detected for targeted particle injected with an excess of soluble ligand which leads to conclusion that the ligand was selectively bound to the tumor over the ligand nanoparticle combination and fully blocked the particle from reaching the tumor. A study was carried out on mice with PBS control, empty targeting nanoparticle injected with an excess of targeting ligand showed no sign of slowing of tumor growth and had to be killed by day 25 because of the growth in the size of the tumor however, those mice injected with loaded targeting nanoparticle showed a significant regression in tumor size, with four of the six mice showing no tumor and other with >95% reduction in tumor mass and >75% suppression in blood vessel density. This tumor regression was sustained for >250 days conclusively, these study support the hypothesis that organ specific targeted drug delivery is very effective to treat tumor (Lisa Branon-pepps, 2012).
