Thermal energy also increases as heat is increased; our initial temperature of water was within 34 ° C for trial three and 34.2 ° C for trial one and two.
Materials and Methods.
In order to successfully complete the latent heat of fusion of ice experiment, we needed a calorimeter, stirrer, thermometer, scale and ice. The first thing we needed to do was weigh the empty calorimeter and the stirrer. This was done to give us a base reading to reference back to. Once we obtained the weight, we had to fill the calorimeter with water and weigh it again. We had to calculate the difference to determine the mass of the water. The temperature of the water was also recorded at this time. As soon as we had the starting temperature, we slowly added small amounts of ice until the temperature of the water reached 10 °C. Once the ice melted in the calorimeter, we took the final temperature and then weighed the calorimeter one last time. In order to reach optimal results, we ran three trial runs by repeating the steps above. We then used the data to determine the latent heat of fusion and the percent error of each trial.
Results.
Table 1: Calorimeter Experiment Data.
Trial Runs.
Trial #1.
Trial #2.
Trial #3.
Mass of empty cup, stirrer, water and ice.
164.0g.
175.0g.
186.5g.
Mass of empty cup and stirrer plus water.
131.5g.
139.5g.
146.5g.
Mass of empty cup and stirrer (mc) .
35.0g.
33.0g.
33.0g.
Mass of water by subtraction (mw).
98.5g.
106.5g.
113.5g.
Mass of ice by subtraction (mi).
32.5g.
35.5g.
40.0g.
Warm temperature of the water (Th).
34.2.
34.
34.2.
Equilibrium temperature (T).
9.2 °C.
9.2 °C.
9.8 °C.
Temperature of the ice (Tf).
0 °C.
0 °C.
0 °C.
Table 2: Data Calculations.
Latent heat formula: Lf = cwmw(Th "T)+ccmc(Th "T) - cwmi(T "Ti) mi.
Specific heat of water (cw)= 1.00 Kcal/Kg °C = 4186 J/Kg °C.
Specific heat of calorimeter (cc) = 0.217 Kcal/Kg °C = 908 J/Kg °C.
Trial #.
Lf .
Percent Error.
1.
3.01 x 105 J/kg.
9.6%.
2.
2.97 x 105 J/kg.
11.9%.
3.
2.70 x 105 J/kg.
19.9%.
Discussion.
In this experiment, we observed the phase changes of water, when it melts from its solid form to its liquid form.
