Authors and theorists continued to create theories and new principles attempting to offer the cure for every organisation. One of the latest approaches that revises structures of organisations is the cybernetics approach which has produced tools such as the Viable System Model and the variety engineering template which are used to transform the structure of organisations into a more suitable one.
Applying the VSM helps in reviewing the organisation thoroughly, enabling a distinctive method that unfolds its complexity and shows how it can transform its structure into a more capable one to face its demanding environment. The mechanisms employed by the VSM give new definitions to the interactions among employees and among departments drawing new structure that is primary task oriented.
The theory emerged from cybernetics systems that existed in cells of a living body. Like the Russian dole there are doles inside doles, the same principle but at a higher level of complexity applies on a human body for instance. It is formed of several systems embedded in autonomous units named as leaver, heart, pancreas, kidney, muscles, bones, eyes etc. Within those autonomous units are other thousands of embedded autonomous units in all of which other embedded units found down to the level of autonomous cells where complex systems also exist. Cells of a body has their own decision making process at their level which is independent to the autonomous level in which they are embedded in. At the same time they have an open communication systems that are linked with central processing units. A structure that makes of the autonomous units a perfect body that functions perfectly and responds at a high speed of a level to its external environment. Organisation can be also viewed like a body formed of autonomous units that should in essence to have a local discretion to respond locally without the interference of management.
